TY - JOUR
T1 - Campylobacter jejuni in Musca domestica
T2 - An examination of survival and transmission potential in light of the innate immune responses of the house flies
AU - Gill, Carson
AU - Bahrndorff, Simon
AU - Lowenberger, Carl
N1 - This article has been found as a 'Free Version' from the Publisher on July 26th 2018. When the access to the article closes, please notify vbn@aub.aau.dk
PY - 2017/8/1
Y1 - 2017/8/1
N2 - The house fly, Musca domestica, has been implicated as a vector of Campylobacter spp., a major cause of human disease. Little is known whether house flies serve as biological amplifying hosts or mechanical vectors for Campylobacter jejuni. We investigated the period after C. jejuni had been ingested by house flies in which viable C. jejuni colonies could be isolated from whole bodies, the vomitus and the excreta of adult M. domestica and evaluated the activation of innate immune responses of house flies to ingested C. jejuni over time. C. jejuni could be cultured from infected houseflies soon after ingestion but no countable C. jejuni colonies were observed > 24 h postingestion. We detected viable C. jejuni in house fly vomitus and excreta up to 4 h after ingestion, but no viable bacteria were detected ≥ 8 h. Suppression subtractive hybridization identified pathogen-induced gene expression in the intestinal tracts of adult house flies 4–24 h after ingesting C. jejuni. We measured the expression of immune regulatory (thor, JNK, and spheroide) and effector (cecropin, diptericin, attacin, defensing, and lysozyme) genes in C. jejuni-infected and -uninfected house flies using quantitative real time PCR. Some house fly factor, or combination of factors, eliminates C. jejuni within 24 h postingestion. Because C. jejuni is not amplified within the body of the housefly, this insect likely serves as a mechanical vector rather than as a true biological, amplifying vector for C. jejuni, and adds to our understanding of insect–pathogen interactions.
AB - The house fly, Musca domestica, has been implicated as a vector of Campylobacter spp., a major cause of human disease. Little is known whether house flies serve as biological amplifying hosts or mechanical vectors for Campylobacter jejuni. We investigated the period after C. jejuni had been ingested by house flies in which viable C. jejuni colonies could be isolated from whole bodies, the vomitus and the excreta of adult M. domestica and evaluated the activation of innate immune responses of house flies to ingested C. jejuni over time. C. jejuni could be cultured from infected houseflies soon after ingestion but no countable C. jejuni colonies were observed > 24 h postingestion. We detected viable C. jejuni in house fly vomitus and excreta up to 4 h after ingestion, but no viable bacteria were detected ≥ 8 h. Suppression subtractive hybridization identified pathogen-induced gene expression in the intestinal tracts of adult house flies 4–24 h after ingesting C. jejuni. We measured the expression of immune regulatory (thor, JNK, and spheroide) and effector (cecropin, diptericin, attacin, defensing, and lysozyme) genes in C. jejuni-infected and -uninfected house flies using quantitative real time PCR. Some house fly factor, or combination of factors, eliminates C. jejuni within 24 h postingestion. Because C. jejuni is not amplified within the body of the housefly, this insect likely serves as a mechanical vector rather than as a true biological, amplifying vector for C. jejuni, and adds to our understanding of insect–pathogen interactions.
KW - antimicrobial peptides
KW - Campylobacter spp
KW - Campylobacteriosis
KW - house fly
KW - innate immunity
KW - Musca domestica
KW - suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH)
KW - vector
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84977488238&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1744-7917.12353
U2 - 10.1111/1744-7917.12353
DO - 10.1111/1744-7917.12353
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:84977488238
SN - 1672-9609
VL - 24
SP - 584
EP - 598
JO - Insect Science
JF - Insect Science
IS - 4
ER -