Optimal Design of a Wide Area Measurement System for Improvement of Power Network Monitoring Using a Dynamic Multiobjective Shortest Path Algorithm

Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS) usually contains three dependent infrastructures called management, measurement, and communication. For optimal operation of a power system, it is necessary to design these infrastructures suitably. In this paper, measurement and communication infrastructures in a wide area network are designed independently from a management viewpoint considering adequate level of system observability. In the first step, optimal placement of measurement devices are determined using Integer Linear Programming (ILP) solution methodology while taking into account zero injection buses effects. In the next step, a new dynamic Multi-Objective Shortest Path (MOSP) programming is presented for optimal design of communication infrastructure. The best architecture design is introduced in terms of Optical fiber Power Ground Wire (OPGW) coverage for suggested Central Control Bus (CCB) and the number of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). Applicability of the proposed model is finally examined on several IEEE standard test systems. The simulation results show better performance of the proposed method compared to other conventional methods. The numerical results reveal that applying the proposed method could not only reduce the OPGW coverage cost, number of PMUs, and number of communication links, but could also improve the system technical indices such as latency as subsidiary results of optimization process.