Background
Stem cells are becoming an ever more important element in medical therapies. Until recently, stem cells were almost exclusively used to repopulate bone marrow depleted after chemo- and/or radiotherapy. They are now also used in a number of experimental therapies ranging from inborn errors of metabolism, endocrine and cardiovascular disorders to various neurological conditions.

Extensive global research is being done on the potential of human stem cells, and a number of private companies are preparing to enter the market.

The Laboratory for Stem Cell Research has a background in in vitro oxygen tension control of transcription regulation of molecular processes in human tumour cells and is now spearheading the basic and translational research into novel regenerative therapies based on the use of embryonic and somatic stem cells. The laboratory is focused on the development of innovative interdisciplinary approaches to control the fate of stem cells and devise original clinically applicable cell- and tissue-based products.

Main activities
The main research activities of the laboratory are focused on four basic areas:

1. The role of oxygen in the control of the fate of stem cells
2. The use of adipose stem cells in the construction of a novel cartilage implant
3. The use of embryonic stem cells in the treatment of limbal stem cells deficiency
4. The use of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of myocardial failure

The laboratory has recently set up a unique cell culture facility that enables manipulation and continuous growth of the cells in a fully controlled atmosphere. This workstation makes possible investigations on the responses of the embryonic (ESC) and mesenchymal (MSC) stem cells to hypoxic conditions. The molecular mechanisms underlying maintenance of pluripotential state of ESCs or differentiation of MSC into various specific lineages are investigated through specific genes as well as transcriptomic, proteomic, genomic, and miRNA studies.

Regarding the novel approaches to treat the cartilage defects/osteoarthritis, specific forms of blindness, and myocardial infarction/failure, we are exploring the therapeutic potential of both the MSCs and ESCs. We are attempting to translate the basic knowledge regarding the biology and molecular biology of the stem cells into advanced tissue engineering and cell-based procedures applicable in routine medical practice. To that end, the laboratory is collaborating with several prestigious clinics in Denmark and abroad.

Future perspectives
Our long-term goal is to use stem cells for ex vivo production of biological spare parts.