Abstract
An experimental study on hydrotreatment of ligno-cellulosic hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) bio-crude to achieve a bio-feed compatible for co-processing at a refinery was made to investigate the effect of operating temperature, pressure and hydrogen to oil ratio. Using a conventional NiMo/Al2O3 hydrotreating catalyst at 350 °C and 337 NL H2/L bio-crude, a promising bio-feed with 0.3 wt.% O, a HHV of 43.9 MJ/kg, a density of 894 kg/m3 and an FT-IR spectra very similar to Northern Sea fossil crude oil was obtained. This work suggests that a gradual and sustainable phase-in of bio-feed through co-processing at existing refineries can be facilitated by intermediate hydrotreating of the bio-crude from hydrothermal liquefaction.
Original language | English |
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Journal | Fuel |
Volume | 165 |
Pages (from-to) | 536–543 |
Number of pages | 8 |
ISSN | 0016-2361 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Feb 2016 |
Keywords
- Biooil
- Hydrotreating
- Hydrothermal liquefaction
- Co-processing
- Biomass
- Upgrading