TY - JOUR
T1 - Evaluation of Fuel-Cell Range Extender Impact on Hybrid Electrical Vehicle Performance
AU - Jensen, Hans-Christian Becker
AU - Schaltz, Erik
AU - Koustrup, Per Sune
AU - Andreasen, Søren Juhl
AU - Kær, Søren Knudsen
PY - 2013/1
Y1 - 2013/1
N2 - The use of electric vehicles (EVs) is advantageous because of zero emission, but their market penetration is limited by one disadvantage, i.e., energy storage. Battery EVs (BEVs) have a limited range, and their batteries take a long time to charge, compared with the time it takes to refuel the tank of a vehicle with an internal combustion engine (ICE). Fuel cells (FCs) can be added to an EV as an additional energy source. These are faster to refill and will therefore facilitate the transition from vehicles running on fossil fuel to electricity. Different EV setups with FC strategies are presented and compared. The results of the setups are presented by range, efficiency, and price. These show the negative effect on the range when purpose-designed setups are driven above the design requirement as the range drops considerably. The simulations also showed the necessity of good FC control when driving in start/stop city cycles. Simulations with the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) showed that efficiency fell by at least 15% for the FC hybrid EV (FCHEV) when compared with BEVs.
AB - The use of electric vehicles (EVs) is advantageous because of zero emission, but their market penetration is limited by one disadvantage, i.e., energy storage. Battery EVs (BEVs) have a limited range, and their batteries take a long time to charge, compared with the time it takes to refuel the tank of a vehicle with an internal combustion engine (ICE). Fuel cells (FCs) can be added to an EV as an additional energy source. These are faster to refill and will therefore facilitate the transition from vehicles running on fossil fuel to electricity. Different EV setups with FC strategies are presented and compared. The results of the setups are presented by range, efficiency, and price. These show the negative effect on the range when purpose-designed setups are driven above the design requirement as the range drops considerably. The simulations also showed the necessity of good FC control when driving in start/stop city cycles. Simulations with the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) showed that efficiency fell by at least 15% for the FC hybrid EV (FCHEV) when compared with BEVs.
KW - Battery electric vehicle (BEV)
KW - fuel cell (FC)
KW - fuel-cell hybrid electric vehicle (FCHEV)
KW - methanol
KW - range extender (RE)
U2 - 10.1109/TVT.2012.2218840
DO - 10.1109/TVT.2012.2218840
M3 - Journal article
SN - 0018-9545
VL - 62
SP - 50
EP - 60
JO - I E E E Transactions on Vehicular Technology
JF - I E E E Transactions on Vehicular Technology
IS - 1
ER -