Improved TSO - DSO Interoperability and their cooperation in smart grid

Basanta Raj Pokhrel, Karthikeyan Nainar, Birgitte Bak-Jensen, Jayakrishnan Radhakrishna Pillai, Allan Jensen, Jacob Andreasen, Thomas Helth, Kenn H. B. Frederiksen

Research output: Contribution to book/anthology/report/conference proceedingArticle in proceedingResearchpeer-review

Abstract

The energy scenario is experiencing substantial change due to increasing displacement of conventional forms of generation at transmission network level by renewable energy sources (RES) at distribution level. At the same time, consumers have started to participate in the electricity market as prosumers (both producer and consumer) or demand side response (DSR) entities. These partly fluctuating RES and DSR units at distribution level will change the behaviour of entire system, challenging the balance of load and generation in the grid at all time. Obviously, each distribution/transmission system operator is responsible for its own grid only, but to operate the grid properly in the new emerging scenario, it is important to know what is happening in part of the surrounding grids too. The Transmission system operator (TSO) has the primary responsibility of grid balance but it has no direct control over RES and DSR at distribution grid as of today. In general, TSOs also do not have the desired observability levels of relevant components of the distribution network such as medium voltage lines, substations etc. In future, TSOs using traditional observability analysis approach, as a fundamental tool to ensure system security, might be at risk. From a DSO (distribution system operator) perspective, the use of transmission system’s observability information has always been very limited and unnecessary until now. However, in the new scenario, the information exchange between TSOs and DSOs allows them to utilize the increasing penetration of DERs and DSRs more effectively providing ancillary service and local control. This trend is expected to grow more in future so it demands revision of the traditional way of TSO - DSO interaction. This work will explore the current practice of interaction between TSOs and DSOs, investigate the specific grid operation challenges, and identify the possible future ways of cooperation in smart grid. The analytical analysis in European perspective considering Denmark as an example is presented.
Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationProceedings of CIGRE Symposium Aalborg 2019
Number of pages10
Place of PublicationAalborg
PublisherCIGRE (International Council on Large Electric Systems)
Publication dateJun 2019
Publication statusPublished - Jun 2019
EventCIGRE Symposium Aalborg 2019 - Aalborg, Denmark
Duration: 4 Jun 20197 Jun 2019

Conference

ConferenceCIGRE Symposium Aalborg 2019
Country/TerritoryDenmark
CityAalborg
Period04/06/201907/06/2019

Keywords

  • TSO-DSO interface
  • Interoperability
  • Grid congestion
  • Ancillary services
  • Observability area
  • Information exchange

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