Simple Models for Model-based Portfolio Load Balancing Controller Synthesis

This paper presents a collection of models of so-called 'effectuators', i.e., subsystems in a power plant portfolio that represent control actions with associated dynamics and actuation costs. These models are derived in order to facilitate higher-level model-based control synthesis of a portfolio of generation units existing in an electrical power supply network, for instance in model-based predictive control or declarative control schemes. We focus on the effectuators found in the Danish power system. In particular, the paper presents models for boiler load, district heating, condensate throttling and wind turbine effectuators. Each model is validated against actual measurement data. Considering their simplicity, the models fit the observed data very well and are thus suitable for control purposes.