TY - JOUR
T1 - A Body-Blockage Analysis and Comparison Between Humans and a Full-Body Phantom
T2 - Using Measurements at 28 GHz
AU - Khajeim, Maryam Faizi
AU - Moradi, Gholamreza
AU - Shirazi, Reza Sarraf
AU - Zhang, Shuai
PY - 2022/12/1
Y1 - 2022/12/1
N2 - Human blockage is an important phenomenon that should be considered in millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication systems. Realizing that blockage behavior could be very valuable in mm-wave link simulations, several blockage models have been proposed in previous works based on knife-edge diffraction (KED), high-frequency simulations, and measurements. This article investigates blockage using a full-body phantom and proves that a body phantom is accurate enough to replace a human subject in blockage studies for both data and talk modes. A campaign of measurements for these two modes with 17 human subjects of different heights and genders is conducted. The effect of different types of clothing on body blockage is studied for a body phantom and a human subject. The impact of the relative antenna-user position on the body-blockage intensity is investigated as accurate measurements are difficult to achieve with human subjects.
AB - Human blockage is an important phenomenon that should be considered in millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication systems. Realizing that blockage behavior could be very valuable in mm-wave link simulations, several blockage models have been proposed in previous works based on knife-edge diffraction (KED), high-frequency simulations, and measurements. This article investigates blockage using a full-body phantom and proves that a body phantom is accurate enough to replace a human subject in blockage studies for both data and talk modes. A campaign of measurements for these two modes with 17 human subjects of different heights and genders is conducted. The effect of different types of clothing on body blockage is studied for a body phantom and a human subject. The impact of the relative antenna-user position on the body-blockage intensity is investigated as accurate measurements are difficult to achieve with human subjects.
KW - Antenna measurements
KW - Antenna radiation patterns
KW - Antennas
KW - Gain
KW - Phantoms
KW - Phased arrays
KW - Torso
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85112660087&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/MAP.2021.3089988
DO - 10.1109/MAP.2021.3089988
M3 - Journal article
SN - 1045-9243
VL - 64
SP - 50
EP - 61
JO - I E E E Antennas and Propagation Magazine
JF - I E E E Antennas and Propagation Magazine
IS - 6
ER -