Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nicotine released from tobacco smoke causing reduction in blood flow has been suggested as causative for postoperative wound complications in smokers, but the mechanism remains unknown.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In eight healthy male smokers and eight ex-smokers, the cutaneous and subcutaneous blood flow (QBF, SqBF) was assessed by Laser Doppler and 133Xe clearance. Tissue oxygen tension (TO(2)) was measured by a LICOX O(2)-electrode. Tissue glucose and lactate (Tgluc, Tlact) were assessed by microdialysis. The parameters were studied after intravenous infusion of 1.0 mg nicotine, smoking of one cigarette, arterial occlusion, and reperfusion.
RESULTS: Nicotine infusion decreased SqBF from 4.2 +/- 2.0 to 3.1 +/- 1.2 mL/100 g tissue/min (P < 0.01), whereas QBF was 21.7 +/- 8.6 and 22.7 +/- 9.6 Arbitrary Units (AU), respectively (P = 0.21). TO(2) increased from 49.3 +/- 12.0 to 53.9 +/- 12.0 mm Hg (P = 0.01). Tgluc and Tlact remained unaffected. Smoking decreased SqBF from 4.2 +/- 2.0 to 2.7 +/- 1.2 mL/100 g tissue/min (P < 0.01). QBF decreased from 23.4 +/- 9.2 to 20.3 +/- 7.4 AU (P < 0.01), and TO(2) decreased from 53.9 +/- 12.0 to 48.4 +/- 11.1 mm Hg (P < 0.01). Following smoking, Tgluc decreased from 0.7 +/- 0.1 to 0.6 +/- 0.1 ng/mL (P < 0.01), and Tlact increased from 0.2 +/- 0.1 to 0.3 +/- 0.2 ng/mL (P < 0.01). The observed alterations were similar in smokers and ex-smokers.
CONCLUSIONS: Nicotine has a limited vasoactive effect in the skin and subcutis unlikely to be explained by smoking, which distinctly decreases tissue blood flow, oxygen tension, and aerobe metabolism independent of smoking status.
Originalsprog | Engelsk |
---|---|
Tidsskrift | Journal of Surgical Research |
Vol/bind | 152 |
Udgave nummer | 2 |
Sider (fra-til) | 224-30 |
Antal sider | 7 |
ISSN | 0022-4804 |
DOI | |
Status | Udgivet - apr. 2009 |
Udgivet eksternt | Ja |
Emneord
- Adult
- Aerobiosis
- Arteries
- Blood Flow Velocity
- Cotinine
- Glucose
- Humans
- Lactates
- Male
- Nicotine
- Oxygen
- Skin
- Skin Physiological Phenomena
- Smoking
- Smoking Cessation
- Young Adult