Awareness of myths and realities about low back pain among spanish physiotherapists: which procedures do they consider to be of high value

Background and aims: Low back pain (LBP) is the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorder worldwide and physiotherapists are among the primary healthcare professionals assessing and managing the condition. As part of an evidence-based approach, physiotherapists must stay up-to-date with the evidence. However, scientific knowledge of LBP management amongst physiotherapists is largely unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the level of evidence-based knowledge regarding the management of LBP amongst Spanish physiotherapists.

Methods: Physiotherapists working in Spain enrolled in an e-learning course that provided state-of-the-art knowledge of LBP management. Before starting the course, all participants had to complete an online test focusing on evidence-based knowledge about LBP (22 questions, true or false), comprehending socio-economic impact, characteristics, rehabilitation goals, the role of psychosocial factors, and high- and low-value interventions.

Results: A total of 913 physiotherapists completed the initial test. More than 55% of responders reported that imaging diagnosis was essential before starting any physiotherapy treatment and that glucocorticoids were recommended for persistent LBP. In addition, almost half of the responders considered ergonomic adjustments based on maintaining an upright back posture to be fundamental interventions in managing persistent LBP.

Conclusions: Despite considerable knowledge from the research literature, there are considerable gaps in the evidence-based knowledge of physiotherapists in Spain that may compromise the quality of the assessment and treatment of LBP patients. Promoting actions that favour the continuous learning and training of Spanish physiotherapists would improve the quality of LBP treatment.