TY - JOUR
T1 - Is Cardiac Rehabilitation Equally Effective in Improving Dietary Intake in All Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease?
AU - Laursen, Ulla Bach
AU - Johansen, Martin Nygård
AU - Joensen, Albert Marni
AU - Overvad, Kim
AU - Larsen, Mogens Lytken
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Objective: To investigate the association between sociodemographic characteristics and changes in dietary intake in patients with ischemic heart disease who were following a cardiac rehabilitation program. Methods: Longitudinal study among patients with first-time admission to outpatient cardiac rehabilitation after ST-elevation myocardial infarction, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris or stable angina pectoris. We used a validated self-administered food frequency questionnaire to assess the dietary intake before rehabilitation, post rehabilitation and 6 months after baseline. The intake was summarized into a fat and fish-fruit-vegetable score for both sexes. To assess the within-patient differences in dietary scores, a paired t-test was applied. Regression analyses were performed to assess the association between sociodemographic characteristics and changes in diet. Results: 186 patients completed two measurements, 157 patients completed all three measurements. Fat and fish-fruit-vegetable scores increased statistically significantly and improvements remained statistically significant at follow-up. Fat scores increased less in employed men than in retired men (-11 (95% CI -17; −5)). Fish-fruit-vegetable scores increased less in men with a bachelor degree than in men with a vocational education (-8 (95% CI -13; −3)) as well as in retired women compared with employed women (-18 (95% CI -32; −4)). Conclusions: Patients statistically significantly improved their dietary intake and improvements remained at follow-up. Dietary improvements were sensitive to marital status, living arrangements and employment status. Unemployed and retired women did not seem to improve their diet as much as employed women. Additional dietary intervention may become relevant in some patient groups defined by sociodemographic characteristics. (250).
AB - Objective: To investigate the association between sociodemographic characteristics and changes in dietary intake in patients with ischemic heart disease who were following a cardiac rehabilitation program. Methods: Longitudinal study among patients with first-time admission to outpatient cardiac rehabilitation after ST-elevation myocardial infarction, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris or stable angina pectoris. We used a validated self-administered food frequency questionnaire to assess the dietary intake before rehabilitation, post rehabilitation and 6 months after baseline. The intake was summarized into a fat and fish-fruit-vegetable score for both sexes. To assess the within-patient differences in dietary scores, a paired t-test was applied. Regression analyses were performed to assess the association between sociodemographic characteristics and changes in diet. Results: 186 patients completed two measurements, 157 patients completed all three measurements. Fat and fish-fruit-vegetable scores increased statistically significantly and improvements remained statistically significant at follow-up. Fat scores increased less in employed men than in retired men (-11 (95% CI -17; −5)). Fish-fruit-vegetable scores increased less in men with a bachelor degree than in men with a vocational education (-8 (95% CI -13; −3)) as well as in retired women compared with employed women (-18 (95% CI -32; −4)). Conclusions: Patients statistically significantly improved their dietary intake and improvements remained at follow-up. Dietary improvements were sensitive to marital status, living arrangements and employment status. Unemployed and retired women did not seem to improve their diet as much as employed women. Additional dietary intervention may become relevant in some patient groups defined by sociodemographic characteristics. (250).
KW - Cardiac rehabilitation
KW - demography
KW - diet
KW - ischemic heart disease
KW - longitudinal studies
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85086368945&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/07315724.2020.1755910
DO - 10.1080/07315724.2020.1755910
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 32459604
AN - SCOPUS:85086368945
SN - 0731-5724
VL - 40
SP - 33
EP - 40
JO - Journal of the American College of Nutrition
JF - Journal of the American College of Nutrition
IS - 1
ER -