TY - JOUR
T1 - Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD), Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease
T2 - Associations with Fructose Metabolism and Gut Microbiota
AU - Drożdż, Karolina
AU - Nabrdalik, Katarzyna
AU - Hajzler, Weronika
AU - Kwiendacz, Hanna
AU - Gumprecht, Janusz
AU - Lip, Gregory Y. H.
PY - 2022/1
Y1 - 2022/1
N2 - Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly common condition associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Since systemic metabolic dysfunction underlies NAFLD, the current nomenclature has been revised, and the term metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been proposed. The new definition emphasizes the bidirectional relationships and increases awareness in looking for fatty liver disease among patients with T2DM and CVD or its risk factors, as well as looking for these diseases among patients with NAFLD. The most recommended treatment method of NAFLD is lifestyle changes, including dietary fructose limitation, although other treatment methods of NAFLD have recently emerged and are being studied. Given the focus on the liver-gut axis targeting, bacteria may also be a future aim of NAFLD treatment given the microbiome signatures discriminating healthy individuals from those with NAFLD. In this review article, we will provide an overview of the associations of fructose consumption, gut microbiota, diabetes, and CVD in patients with NAFLD.
AB - Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly common condition associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Since systemic metabolic dysfunction underlies NAFLD, the current nomenclature has been revised, and the term metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been proposed. The new definition emphasizes the bidirectional relationships and increases awareness in looking for fatty liver disease among patients with T2DM and CVD or its risk factors, as well as looking for these diseases among patients with NAFLD. The most recommended treatment method of NAFLD is lifestyle changes, including dietary fructose limitation, although other treatment methods of NAFLD have recently emerged and are being studied. Given the focus on the liver-gut axis targeting, bacteria may also be a future aim of NAFLD treatment given the microbiome signatures discriminating healthy individuals from those with NAFLD. In this review article, we will provide an overview of the associations of fructose consumption, gut microbiota, diabetes, and CVD in patients with NAFLD.
KW - Cardiovascular disease
KW - Diabetes mellitus
KW - Fruc-tose
KW - Metabolic–associated fatty liver disease
KW - Microbiota
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85121746012&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/nu14010103
DO - 10.3390/nu14010103
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35010976
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 14
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
IS - 1
M1 - 103
ER -