Natural-Cause Mortality and Long-Term Exposure to Particle Components: An Analysis of 19 European Cohorts within the Multi-Center ESCAPE Project

Rob Beelen, Gerard Hoek, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen, Massimo Stafoggia, Zorana J Andersen, Gudrun Weinmayr, Barbara Hoffmann, Kathrin Wolf, Evangelia Samoli, Paul H Fischer, Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen, Wei W Xun, Klea Katsouyanni, Konstantina Dimakopoulou, Alessandro Marcon, Erkki Vartiainen, Timo Lanki, Tarja Yli-Tuomi, Bente Oftedal, Per E SchwarzePer Nafstad, Ulf De Faire, Nancy L Pedersen, Claes-Göran Östenson, Laura Fratiglioni, Johanna Penell, Michal Korek, Göran Pershagen, Kirsten T Eriksen, Kim Overvad, Mette Sørensen, Marloes Eeftens, Petra H Peeters, Kees Meliefste, Meng Wang, H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Dorothea Sugiri, Ursula Krämer, Joachim Heinrich, Kees de Hoogh, Timothy Key, Annette Peters, Regina Hampel, Hans Concin, Gabriele Nagel, Andrea Jaensch, Alex Ineichen, Ming-Yi Tsai, Emmanuel Schaffner, Nicole M Probst-Hensch, Christian Schindler, Martina S Ragettli, Alice Vilier, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Christophe Declercq, Fulvio Ricceri, Carlotta Sacerdote, Claudia Galassi, Enrica Migliore, Andrea Ranzi, Giulia Cesaroni, Chiara Badaloni, Francesco Forastiere, Michail Katsoulis, Antonia Trichopoulou, Menno Keuken, Aleksandra Jedynska, Ingeborg M Kooter, Jaakko Kukkonen, Ranjeet S Sokhi, Paolo Vineis, Bert Brunekreef

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskriftReview (oversigtsartikel)peer review

127 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown associations between mortality and long-term exposure to particulate matter air pollution. Few cohort studies have estimated the effects of the elemental composition of particulate matter on mortality.

OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to study the association between natural cause mortality and long-term exposure to elemental components of particulate matter.

METHODS: Mortality and confounder data from 19 European cohort studies were used. Residential exposure to eight a priori selected components of particulate matter (PM) was characterized following a strictly standardized protocol. Annual average concentrations of Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Potassium (K), Nickel (Ni), Sulfur (S), Silicon (Si), Vanadium (V) and Zinc (Zn) within PM size fractions <2.5 µm (PM2.5) and <10 µm (PM10) were estimated using land-use regression models. Cohort-specific statistical analyses of the associations between mortality and air pollution were conducted using Cox proportional hazards models using a common protocol followed by meta-analysis.

RESULTS: The total study population consisted of 291,816 participants, of which 25,466 died from a natural cause during follow-up (average time of follow-up 14.3 years). Hazard ratios were positive for almost all elements and statistically significant for PM2.5 S (1.14; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.23 per 200 ng/m(3)). In a two-pollutant model, the association with PM2.5 S was robust to adjustment for PM2.5 mass, whereas the association with PM2.5 mass was reduced.

CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to PM2.5 S was associated with natural cause mortality. This association was robust to adjustment for other pollutants and PM2.5.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
TidsskriftEnvironmental Health Perspectives
Vol/bind123
Udgave nummer6
Sider (fra-til)525-533
Antal sider9
ISSN0091-6765
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2015

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