TY - JOUR
T1 - Normal Values for Myocardial Work Indices Derived From Pressure-Strain Loop Analyses
T2 - From the CCHS
AU - Olsen, Flemming Javier
AU - Skaarup, Kristoffer Grundtvig
AU - Lassen, Mats Christian Højbjerg
AU - Johansen, Niklas Dyrby
AU - Sengeløv, Morten
AU - Jensen, Gorm Boje
AU - Schnohr, Peter
AU - Marott, Jacob Louis
AU - Søgaard, Peter
AU - Gislason, Gunnar
AU - Svendsen, Jesper Hastrup
AU - Møgelvang, Rasmus
AU - Aalen, John Moene
AU - Remme, Espen Wattenberg
AU - Smiseth, Otto Armin
AU - Biering-Sørensen, Tor
PY - 2022/5/10
Y1 - 2022/5/10
N2 - BACKGROUND: Pressure-strain loop analyses is a noninvasive technique capable of evaluating myocardial work. Reference values are needed to benchmark these myocardial work indices for clinical practice.METHODS: Healthy participants from a general population study were used to establish reference values for global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global wasted work (GWW), and global work efficiency (GWE) measured by pressure-strain loop analyses. The relation to age and sex was examined. We furthermore examined the proportion of abnormal work indices according to low, intermediate, and high cardiovascular risk by the Framingham risk score.RESULTS: The healthy sample consisted of 1827 participants (median age, 45 years; 39% men). Lower reference values were GWI, 1576 mm Hg%; GCW, 1708 mm Hg%; and GWE, 93.0% and upper reference value for GWW was 159 mm Hg%. Women exhibited significantly higher GWI, GCW, and GWW and lower GWE. Sex significantly modified the association between all indices and age (
P for interaction: 0.001 for GWI, 0.009 for GCW, 0.003 for GWW, and 0.009 for GWE). For men, only GCW increased with age, whereas the other indices did not change with age. For women, GCW increased linearly with increasing age, whereas GWI, GWW, and GWE changed in a curvilinear fashion with age such that GWI increased in younger participants, GWW increased in elderly, and GWE declined concordantly. Abnormalities in myocardial work indices became more frequent with increasing Framingham risk score category (abnormal GWI: 2% versus 4% versus 5%,
P=0.001; abnormal GCW: 2% versus 3% versus 4%,
P=0.006; abnormal GWW: 3% versus 6% versus 11%,
P<0.001; abnormal GWE: 3% versus 4% versus 11%,
P<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Myocardial work indices differ between sexes and change with age in a sex-dependent manner. Accordingly, we established age- and sex-specific reference values from a general population sample. Abnormal work indices become more frequent with higher clinical risk.REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.CLINICALTRIALS: gov; Unique identifier: NCT02993172.
AB - BACKGROUND: Pressure-strain loop analyses is a noninvasive technique capable of evaluating myocardial work. Reference values are needed to benchmark these myocardial work indices for clinical practice.METHODS: Healthy participants from a general population study were used to establish reference values for global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global wasted work (GWW), and global work efficiency (GWE) measured by pressure-strain loop analyses. The relation to age and sex was examined. We furthermore examined the proportion of abnormal work indices according to low, intermediate, and high cardiovascular risk by the Framingham risk score.RESULTS: The healthy sample consisted of 1827 participants (median age, 45 years; 39% men). Lower reference values were GWI, 1576 mm Hg%; GCW, 1708 mm Hg%; and GWE, 93.0% and upper reference value for GWW was 159 mm Hg%. Women exhibited significantly higher GWI, GCW, and GWW and lower GWE. Sex significantly modified the association between all indices and age (
P for interaction: 0.001 for GWI, 0.009 for GCW, 0.003 for GWW, and 0.009 for GWE). For men, only GCW increased with age, whereas the other indices did not change with age. For women, GCW increased linearly with increasing age, whereas GWI, GWW, and GWE changed in a curvilinear fashion with age such that GWI increased in younger participants, GWW increased in elderly, and GWE declined concordantly. Abnormalities in myocardial work indices became more frequent with increasing Framingham risk score category (abnormal GWI: 2% versus 4% versus 5%,
P=0.001; abnormal GCW: 2% versus 3% versus 4%,
P=0.006; abnormal GWW: 3% versus 6% versus 11%,
P<0.001; abnormal GWE: 3% versus 4% versus 11%,
P<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Myocardial work indices differ between sexes and change with age in a sex-dependent manner. Accordingly, we established age- and sex-specific reference values from a general population sample. Abnormal work indices become more frequent with higher clinical risk.REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.CLINICALTRIALS: gov; Unique identifier: NCT02993172.
KW - middle aged
KW - myocardial work
KW - normal values
KW - pressure strain loop
KW - strain
KW - Ventricular Function, Left
KW - Humans
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Male
KW - Reference Values
KW - Stroke Volume
KW - Myocardium
KW - Female
KW - Aged
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85130643974&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.121.013712
DO - 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.121.013712
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 35535593
AN - SCOPUS:85130643974
SN - 1941-9651
VL - 15
JO - Circulation. Cardiovascular Imaging
JF - Circulation. Cardiovascular Imaging
IS - 5
M1 - e013712
ER -