One-Year Follow-up on Liraglutide Treatment for Prediabetes and Overweight/Obesity in Clozapine- or Olanzapine-Treated Patients

OBJECTIVE: Treatment with most antipsychotics is associated with an increased risk of weight gain and metabolic disturbances. In a randomized trial, we previously demonstrated that 16 weeks of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist liraglutide treatment vs. placebo significantly reduced glucometabolic disturbances and body weight in prediabetic, overweight/obese schizophrenia-spectrum disorder patients treated with clozapine or olanzapine. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the beneficial effects of the 16-week intervention were sustained beyond the intervention period.

METHOD: One year after completion of the intervention, we investigated changes in body weight, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, C-peptide and lipids comparing one-year follow-up levels to end of treatment (week 16) and baseline (week 0) levels.

RESULTS: From end of treatment to the one-year follow-up, body weight had increased in the liraglutide-treated group. However, compared to baseline levels, the placebo-subtracted body weight loss remained significantly reduced (-3.8 kg, 95% CI: -7.3 to -0.2, P = 0.04). Fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, C-peptide and lipids had each returned to baseline levels one year after stopping liraglutide.

CONCLUSION: The body weight reduction during 16 weeks of liraglutide treatment was partially sustained one year after the intervention was completed. However, the improvements in other metabolic parameters returned to baseline levels. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.