Recent advancements and challenges of powertrain technologies in electric vehicles applications

Recently one of the most important technologies to prevent dangerous CO2 emissions and increase the human lifespan is known as electric powertrain-electric vehicles (EPV-EV). However, automotive technologies have entered a new roadmap similar to other industries. This chapter’s main focus is on various components used in the electric powertrain technologies such as conventional powertrains, micro-hybrid, serial hybrid and batteries, electric machines, energy storage systems, and power converters. This chapter also clearly explores the challenges towards electric vehicles. Many articles have reviewed several powertrain technologies, but there is lack of conclusions on converters’ roles and their impact on electric vehicles. Here the role of medium-voltage-direct current (MVDC) converters and their technical challenges towards electric vehicles have been discussed thoroughly. But based on the findings, the conclusions reveal that MVDC converter structures are more efficient than the conventional configurations. At the end, a detailed roadmap has been given on each component for future aspects and its applications.