Sustainable and Secure Renewable Energy Trading System Based on Digital Twin, Blockchain and Game Theory Integration

Renewable energy significantly reduces carbon emis- sions, combats climate change, and paves the way for a sustainable future for generations to come. In alignment with other countries'efforts towards climate change mitigation and sustainability, Denmark is committed to achieving a 70% reduction in emissions by 2030 and ultimately reaching zero emissions by 2050 within its borders. While solar and wind power are the primary sources of renewable energy, their intermittent nature poses challenges when energy demand is high. Consequently, energy storage emerges as a critical concern. To address this, sector coupling and an efficient energy trading system are pivotal, as they interconnect energy- consuming sectors with power-producing sectors to maximize the efficient utilization of renewable energy. This paper delves into the potential benefits of integrating digital twin and blockchain technology into renewable energy trading and sector coupling.