Treatment of induced oligometastatic disease after partial response to immunochemotherapy in patient with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer and severe toxicity

Treatment of induced oligometastatic disease after partial response to systemic antineoplastic therapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionised the treatment of stage IV NSCLC. While ICI combined with chemotherapy (ChT) leads to longer duration of response and higher response rates compared with ChT alone, it can also cause serious adverse events (AEs) resulting in treatment discontinuation. In case of treatment discontinuation due to AEs after partial response to systemic treatment, surgical treatment of residual disease can be considered as it could lead to complete response. We present a case of a patient with stage IV NSCLC who is currently alive without any signs of cancer after partial response to ICI/ChT followed by surgical removal of residual disease.