Dataset of room-level indoor environmental quality measurements and occupancy ground truth for five residential apartments in Denmark

This dataset (.csv file) contains room-level measurements of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) variables together with occupancy ground truth for five residential apartments in Denmark over 7 days during January 2023, with a temporal resolution of 15 minutes. The occupancy ground truth has been determined based on activity logbooks filled in by apartments’ occupants.
The measured IEQ variables are:

- Indoor CO2 concentration
- Indoor operative temperature
- Indoor relative humidity

Additional features were generated from those three variables: variable transforms representing the short-term dynamics of the indoor environment for each of the three IEQ variables:

- Difference between current variable value and average over the last hour
- Difference between current variable value and previous recording (15 minutes prior)
- Average of the variable over the last hour

Moreover, metadata parameters include the apartment number (1-5), room number (1-16), room type number, one-hot-encoded room type, floor area of the room, hour of the day, day number of the week, day number of the year, day label (unique identifier of a day for the different rooms) and date and time stamp. The occupancy ground truth variable is a binary 0 (no occupancy in the room) or 1 (occupancy in the room).

The full list of data variables with header name and description is as follows:

- datetime: Date and time stamp in the format DD-MM-YY HH:MM (Day-Month-Year Hour:Minute)
- indoor_co2_concentration: Indoor CO2 concentration inside the corresponding room (in ppm: parts per million)
- indoor_operative_temperature: Indoor operative temperature inside the corresponding room (in Celsius degrees)
- indoor_relative_humidity: Indoor relative humidity inside the corresponding room (in percent)
- current_value_minus_average_last_hour_co2: Difference between the current indoor CO2 concentration inside the corresponding room and the average indoor CO2 concentration over the last hour (in ppm: parts per million)
- current_value_minus_average_last_hour_operative_temperature: Difference between the current indoor operative temperature inside the corresponding room and the average indoor operative temperature over the last hour (in Celsius degrees)
- current_value_minus_average_last_hour_relative_humidity: Difference between the current indoor relative humidity inside the corresponding room and the average indoor relative humidity over the last hour (in percent)
- average_co2_last_hour: Average indoor CO2 concentration inside the corresponding room over the last hour (in ppm: parts per million)
- average_operative_temperature_last_hour: Average indoor operative temperature inside the corresponding room over the last hour (in Celsius degrees)
- average_relative_humidity_last_hour: Average indoor relative humidity inside the corresponding room over the last hour (in percent)
- current_value_minus_last_15_min_co2: Difference between the current indoor CO2 concentration inside the corresponding room and the indoor CO2 concentration 15 minutes before (in ppm: parts per million)
- current_value_minus_last_15_min_operative_temperature: Difference between the current indoor operative temperature inside the corresponding room and the indoor operative temperature 15 minutes before (in Celsius degrees)
- current_value_minus_last_15_min_relative_humidity: Difference between the current indoor relative humidity inside the corresponding room and the indoor relative humidity 15 minutes before (in percent)
- room_number: Room number label (from 1 to 16)
- kitchen: One-hot-encoded room type for kitchen rooms
- livingroom: One-hot-encoded room type for living rooms
- bedroom: One-hot-encoded room type for bedrooms
- office: One-hot-encoded room type for office rooms
- kitchen_livingroom: One-hot-encoded room type for kitchen/living rooms
- hour_of_the_day: Hour of the day (from 0 to 23)
- day_number_of_the_week: Day number label of the week (from 1 to 7)
- day_of_year: Day number label of year (from 30 to 37)
- day_label: Day number label as a unique identifier of a day for the different rooms (from 0 to 112)
- occupancy_ground_truth: Ground truth value of occupancy in the corresponding room. Binary variable taking the value of 0 when there is no occupancy (no people) in the room or 1 when there is occupancy (at least one person) in the room
- floor_area: Surface floor area of the corresponding room (in square meters)
- apartment_number: Apartment number label (from 1 to 5)
- room_type: Type of the corresponding room (kitchen, living room, bedroom, office or kitchen_livingroom)

A detailed description of the study case building can be found in a dedicated technical report: Kamilla Heimar Andersen, Anna Marszal-Pomianowska, Henrik N. Knudsen, Hicham Johra, Simon Pommerencke Melgaard, Marc Zein Dahl, Patrick Andersen Hundevad, Per Kvols Heiselberg (2023). Room-based Indoor Environment Measurements and Occupancy Ground Truth Datasets from Five Residential Apartments in a Nordic Climate. DCE Technical Reports No. 318. Aalborg University, Department of the Built Environment. https://doi.org/10.54337/aau550646548.

This dataset was used to develop and validate an occupancy detection XGBoost model using IEQ measurements as inputs for residential buildings during the winter period: K.H. Andersen, H. Johra, M. Schaffer, A. Marszal-Pomianowska, H.N. Knudsen, P.K. Heiselberg, W. O'Brien (2024). Exploring occupant detection model generalizability for residential buildings using supervised learning with IEQ sensors. Building and Environment, 111319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.111319.