A Loudness Function for Analog and Digital Sound Systems based on Equal Loudness Level Contours

Sofus Birkedal Nielsen

A Loudness Function for Analog and Digital Sound Systems based on Equal Loudness Level Contours

Sofus Birkedal Nielsen

Department of Electronic Systems

Research output: Contribution to book/anthology/report/conference proceeding › Article in proceeding › Research › peer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

A new and better loudness compensation has been designed based on the differences between the Equal Loudness Level Contours (ELLC) in ISO 226:2003. Sound productions are normally being mixed at a high mixing level (ML) but often played at lower listening level (LL) which mean that the perceived frequency balance will been changed both for LL lower or higher than ML. The differences in ELLC ask for a level based equalization using fractional-order filters. A designing technique for both analog and digital fractional-order filters was developed. The analog solution is based on OPAMs and the digital solution is realized in a 16/32 bit fixed point DSP and could be implemented in any sound producing system.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Audio Engineering Society 140th Covention - Paris June 2016
Number of pages	10
Publisher	Audio Engineering Society
Publication date	May 2016
Pages	611-620
Article number	9559
ISBN (Print)	9781510825703
Publication status	Published - May 2016
Event	The 140th International AES Convention - Paris, France Duration: 4 Jun 2016 → 7 Jun 2016 http://www.aes.org/events/140/

Conference

Conference	The 140th International AES Convention
Country/Territory	France
City	Paris
Period	04/06/2016 → 07/06/2016
Internet address	http://www.aes.org/events/140/

Keywords

sound perception, loudness, equal loudness level, sound systems, analog implementation, DSP implementation, ISO226

Access to Document

http://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=18257

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3 Citations
1 Conference abstract for conference

A Loudness Function for Maintaining Spectral Balance at Changing Sound Pressure Levels
Nielsen, S. B., 24 Aug 2017.
Research output: Contribution to conference without publisher/journal › Conference abstract for conference › Research

Open Access

Cite this

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title = "A Loudness Function for Analog and Digital Sound Systems based on Equal Loudness Level Contours",

abstract = "A new and better loudness compensation has been designed based on the differences between the Equal Loudness Level Contours (ELLC) in ISO 226:2003. Sound productions are normally being mixed at a high mixing level (ML) but often played at lower listening level (LL) which mean that the perceived frequency balance will been changed both for LL lower or higher than ML. The differences in ELLC ask for a level based equalization using fractional-order filters. A designing technique for both analog and digital fractional-order filters was developed. The analog solution is based on OPAMs and the digital solution is realized in a 16/32 bit fixed point DSP and could be implemented in any sound producing system.",

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N2 - A new and better loudness compensation has been designed based on the differences between the Equal Loudness Level Contours (ELLC) in ISO 226:2003. Sound productions are normally being mixed at a high mixing level (ML) but often played at lower listening level (LL) which mean that the perceived frequency balance will been changed both for LL lower or higher than ML. The differences in ELLC ask for a level based equalization using fractional-order filters. A designing technique for both analog and digital fractional-order filters was developed. The analog solution is based on OPAMs and the digital solution is realized in a 16/32 bit fixed point DSP and could be implemented in any sound producing system.

AB - A new and better loudness compensation has been designed based on the differences between the Equal Loudness Level Contours (ELLC) in ISO 226:2003. Sound productions are normally being mixed at a high mixing level (ML) but often played at lower listening level (LL) which mean that the perceived frequency balance will been changed both for LL lower or higher than ML. The differences in ELLC ask for a level based equalization using fractional-order filters. A designing technique for both analog and digital fractional-order filters was developed. The analog solution is based on OPAMs and the digital solution is realized in a 16/32 bit fixed point DSP and could be implemented in any sound producing system.

KW - sound perception, loudness, equal loudness level, sound systems, analog implementation, DSP implementation, ISO226

M3 - Article in proceeding

SN - 9781510825703

SP - 611

EP - 620

BT - Audio Engineering Society 140th Covention - Paris June 2016

PB - Audio Engineering Society

T2 - The 140th International AES Convention

Y2 - 4 June 2016 through 7 June 2016

ER -

A Loudness Function for Analog and Digital Sound Systems based on Equal Loudness Level Contours

Abstract

Conference

Keywords

Access to Document

AUB Link

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Research output

A Loudness Function for Maintaining Spectral Balance at Changing Sound Pressure Levels

Cite this