TY - JOUR
T1 - Co-production of ethanol, biogas, protein fodder and natural fertilizer in organic farming - Evaluation of a concept for a farm-scale biorefinery
AU - Oleskowicz-Popiel, Piotr
AU - Kádár, Zsófia
AU - Heiske, Stefan
AU - Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel
AU - Simmons, Blake A.
AU - Blanch, Harvey W.
AU - Schmidt, Jens Ejbye
PY - 2012/1
Y1 - 2012/1
N2 - The addition of a biorefinery to an organic farm was investigated, where ethanol was produced from germinated rye grains and whey, and the effluent was separated into two streams: the protein-rich solid fraction, to be used as animal feed, and the liquid fraction, which can be co-digested with clover grass silage to produce biogas. A method for ethanol production from rye was applied by utilizing inherent amylase activity from germination of the seed. Biogas potential of ethanol fermentation effluent was measured through anaerobic digestion trials. The effluent from the trials was assumed to serve as natural fertilizer. A technoeconomic analysis was also performed; total capital investment was estimated to be approximately 4MUSD. Setting a methane selling price according to available incentives for "green electricity" (0.72USD/m 3) led to a minimum ethanol selling price of 1.89USD/L (project lifetime 25yr, at a discount rate 10%).
AB - The addition of a biorefinery to an organic farm was investigated, where ethanol was produced from germinated rye grains and whey, and the effluent was separated into two streams: the protein-rich solid fraction, to be used as animal feed, and the liquid fraction, which can be co-digested with clover grass silage to produce biogas. A method for ethanol production from rye was applied by utilizing inherent amylase activity from germination of the seed. Biogas potential of ethanol fermentation effluent was measured through anaerobic digestion trials. The effluent from the trials was assumed to serve as natural fertilizer. A technoeconomic analysis was also performed; total capital investment was estimated to be approximately 4MUSD. Setting a methane selling price according to available incentives for "green electricity" (0.72USD/m 3) led to a minimum ethanol selling price of 1.89USD/L (project lifetime 25yr, at a discount rate 10%).
KW - Bioethanol
KW - Biogas
KW - Organic farming
KW - Process model
KW - Technoeconomic analysis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84655176342&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.11.060
DO - 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.11.060
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 22154299
AN - SCOPUS:84655176342
SN - 0960-8524
VL - 104
SP - 440
EP - 446
JO - Bioresource Technology
JF - Bioresource Technology
ER -