Energy-Autonomous Roadside Nodes in V2I Using RF Energy Harvesting

Jose Manuel Gimenez-Guzman*, Israel Leyva-Mayorga, Amirhossein Azarbahram, Onel Alcaraz Lopez, Petar Popovski

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

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Abstract

Future intelligent transportation systems will require complex networking infrastructures with communication among a huge number of vehicles and roadside nodes to support services such as autonomous driving. However, the deployment and operation of such a large number of roadside nodes is expensive due to either the cost of battery replacement or the maintenance of a continuous energy supply in long highways or rural areas. In this work, we evaluate the feasibility of a roadside unit harvesting energy from radio frequency (RF) signals transmitted by a nearby moving vehicle, with the incentive of using a part of the harvested energy to transmit small amounts of data to the vehicle. We consider a realistic model with the timing elements related to the movement of the vehicle, beam tracking errors, a non-linear model for energy harvesting, and potential line-of-sight obstructions in multi-vehicle scenarios. Results show that, with typical off-the-shelf components, it is feasible to use the RF harvested energy to transmit between a few hundred and several thousand bytes, depending on the speed of vehicles and the frequency of operation for energy harvesting, among other parameters.

Original languageEnglish
Article number10580985
JournalIEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society
Volume5
Pages (from-to)4024-4035
Number of pages12
ISSN2644-125X
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2024

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 IEEE.

Keywords

  • Intelligent transportation systems
  • RF energy harvesting
  • V2I communications

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