Force-dynamic cultural models in a scalar adjectival construction

Kim Ebensgaard Jensen

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    Abstract

    Consider the following instances of the scalar adjectival [too ADJ to V]-construction:

    (1) The tatty furniture betrayed elegant lines, and the windows, too grimy to see through, stretched up ten feet. (COCA 2011 FIC Bk:NeverGentleman)
    (2) They're too slow to catch a seal in open water. (COCA 2011 MAG NationalGeographic)
    (3) If the making of a revolution is drama, punctuated with tragedies too numerous to count, making peace is long-form prose requiring iterations of conversation between people. (COCA 2011 MAG TechReview)
    (4) I'm too young to get married. (COCA 2011 FIC Callaloo)
    (5) I'm in a certain group that's almost too old to hire. (COCA 2011 NEWS Denver) (6) Mr. Turman insisted he was too busy to meet at any other time. (COCA 2011 NEWS NYTimes)

    In all instances, semantic relations of force-dynamics are set up between the adjective and verb positions, such that the adjective describes an attribute or a feature, the degree of which is so high that the situation predicated by the verb is prevented from happening. However, while (1-3) reflect perceptions of 'natural' force-dynamic relations, (4-6) appear to draw on culturally defined force-dynamic relations. This seems to indicate that the constructional semantics may interact with underlying cultural models (Holland & Quinn 1987, Ungerer & Schmid 2006: 51-59) of force-dynamics or causation (d'Andrade 1987: 117-118). In their study of the English into-causative, Gries & Stefanowitsch (2004: 232-234) suggest that collexeme combinations in a construction indeed can reflect cultural models. Applying covarying collexeme analysis (Stefanowitsch & Gries 2004) and simple collexeme analysis (Stefanowitsch & Gries 20003), the present study investigates collexeme combinations in the [too ADJ to V]-construction in the COCA (Davies 2008-2013) in order to see how the constructions, via collexeme combinations, reflects force-dynamic cultural models.
    Original languageEnglish
    Publication date29 Jul 2014
    Number of pages12
    Publication statusPublished - 29 Jul 2014
    Event5th UK Cognitive Linguistics Conference - Lancaster Univerity, Lancaster, United Kingdom
    Duration: 29 Jul 201431 Jul 2014

    Conference

    Conference5th UK Cognitive Linguistics Conference
    LocationLancaster Univerity
    Country/TerritoryUnited Kingdom
    CityLancaster
    Period29/07/201431/07/2014

    Bibliographical note

    Abstract published in UK-CLC5 Book of Abstracts pp. 29-30

    Keywords

    • construction grammar
    • usage-based linguistics
    • usage-based language models
    • usage-based model
    • corpus linguistics
    • Corpus of Contemporary American English
    • scalar adjectival construction
    • adjectival construction
    • adjectives
    • cultural models
    • syntax
    • English grammar
    • English language
    • collostruction
    • covarying collexeme
    • force dynamics
    • image schemata
    • cognitive anthropology

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    • Constructions

      Jensen, K. E.

      01/12/2010 → …

      Project: Research

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