TY - JOUR
T1 - Identification and characterization of a nationwide Danish adult common variable immunodeficiency cohort
AU - Westh, Lena
AU - Mogensen, Trine Hyrup
AU - Dalgaard, Lars Skov
AU - Bernth Jensen, Jens Magnus
AU - Katzenstein, Terese
AU - Hansen, Ann-Brit Eg
AU - Larsen, Olav Ditlevsen
AU - Terpling, Steen
AU - Nielsen, Thyge Lynghøj
AU - Larsen, Carsten Schade
N1 - This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - In this study we identified all adults living in Denmark diagnosed with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and characterized them according to clinical presentation and EUROclass classification. Using a retrospective, cross-sectional design, possible CVID patients were identified in the Danish National Patient Register and Centers in Denmark treating patients with primary immunodeficiencies. The CVID diagnosis was verified by review of medical records. One-hundred-seventy-nine adults with CVID were identified. This corresponds to a prevalence of 1:26,000. The median age at onset of symptoms was 29 years with no sex difference. The median age at diagnosis was 40 years. Males were diagnosed earlier with a peak in the fourth decade of life, whereas females were diagnosed later with a peak in the sixth decade. The median diagnostic delay was seven years. Recurrent sinopulmonary infections were seen in 92.7% of the patients. The prevalence of non-infectious complications was similar to that of previously reported cohorts: bronchiectasis (35.8%), splenomegaly (22.4%), lymphadenopathy (26.3%), granulomatous inflammation (3.9%), and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (14.5%). Non-infectious complications were strongly associated with B cell phenotype, with all having a reduced number of isotype switched memory B cells. One-hundred-seventy (95%) were treated with immunoglobulin replacement therapy; primarily administered subcutaneously. According to international guidelines diagnostic evaluation was inadequate in most cases. This study emphasizes the need for improved diagnostic criteria and more awareness of CVID as a differential diagnosis. Diagnosis and management of CVID patients is a challenge requiring specialists with experience in the field of PID. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
AB - In this study we identified all adults living in Denmark diagnosed with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and characterized them according to clinical presentation and EUROclass classification. Using a retrospective, cross-sectional design, possible CVID patients were identified in the Danish National Patient Register and Centers in Denmark treating patients with primary immunodeficiencies. The CVID diagnosis was verified by review of medical records. One-hundred-seventy-nine adults with CVID were identified. This corresponds to a prevalence of 1:26,000. The median age at onset of symptoms was 29 years with no sex difference. The median age at diagnosis was 40 years. Males were diagnosed earlier with a peak in the fourth decade of life, whereas females were diagnosed later with a peak in the sixth decade. The median diagnostic delay was seven years. Recurrent sinopulmonary infections were seen in 92.7% of the patients. The prevalence of non-infectious complications was similar to that of previously reported cohorts: bronchiectasis (35.8%), splenomegaly (22.4%), lymphadenopathy (26.3%), granulomatous inflammation (3.9%), and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (14.5%). Non-infectious complications were strongly associated with B cell phenotype, with all having a reduced number of isotype switched memory B cells. One-hundred-seventy (95%) were treated with immunoglobulin replacement therapy; primarily administered subcutaneously. According to international guidelines diagnostic evaluation was inadequate in most cases. This study emphasizes the need for improved diagnostic criteria and more awareness of CVID as a differential diagnosis. Diagnosis and management of CVID patients is a challenge requiring specialists with experience in the field of PID. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
KW - Journal Article
U2 - 10.1111/sji.12551
DO - 10.1111/sji.12551
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 28370285
SN - 0300-9475
VL - 85
SP - 450
EP - 461
JO - Scandinavian Journal of Immunology
JF - Scandinavian Journal of Immunology
IS - 6
ER -