Magnetically controlled growing rods in early-onset scoliosis

INTRODUCTION: Early-onset scoliosis (EOS) may result in disability and a reduced life expectancy. The aim of this study was to report the results of primary magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGR) in a consecutive group of patients with EOS diagnosed and operated at Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark, from 2009 and onwards and with at least two years of follow-up.

METHODS: Data were extracted from the electronic patient records and the Picture Archiving and Communication System. All data were extracted by an unbiased observer. Demographics, any complication and the Cobb angles and maximal kyphosis angles preoperatively and post-operatively were recorded. Likewise, the total expansion of the MCGR and the increase in T1-T12 and T1-S1 heights were recorded.

RESULTS: A total of 15 patients (three females) were followed for an average of 3.75 years. The Cobb angles were corrected on average by 68% and the maximal kyphosis angle by 45%. The thoracic height increased significantly with only two patients (still undergoing expansions) with a T1-S1 height below 22 cm. Four complications were recorded (one deep infection and three non-functioning rods), all resulting in rod exchange. The complication rate was 27% or 0.07 per patient per year.

CONCLUSIONS: The MCGR may reduce the deformity and support thoracic and pulmonary growth without any need for repeated surgeries. The number of complications in the present series was low compared with the literature with an average of 0.07 complications per year per patient or a total complication rate of 27%.

FUNDING: none.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: not relevant.