Mobility-aware Hybrid Synchronization for Wireless Sensor Network

Random mobility of node causes the frequent changes in the network dynamics causing the increased cost in terms of energy and bandwidth. It needs the additional efforts to synchronize the activities of nodes during data collection and transmission in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). A key challenge in maintaining the effective data collection and transmission is to schedule and synchronize the activities of the nodes with the global clock. This paper proposes the Mobility-aware Hybrid Synchronization Algorithm (MHS) which works on the formation of cluster based on spanning tree mechanism (SPT). Nodes used for formation of the network have random mobility and heterogeneous in terms of energy with static sink. The nodes in the cluster and cluster heads in the network are synchronized with the notion of global time scale. In the initial stage, the algorithm establishes the hierarchical structure of the network and then perform the pair-wise synchronization within the cluster and then in the network. With the random mobility of node, the structure frequently changes causing an increase in energy consumption. To mitigate the problem, MHS aggregate data with the notion of a global timescale throughout the network. In the second phase of MHS, the aggregated information is scheduled level by level using time-division multiple accesses (TDMA) techniques as MAC layer protocol. It reduces the collision of packets. Simulation results show that MHS is energy efficient, with increased throughput, and has less delay as compared with state-of-the-art solutions