Abstract
OBJECTIVE: AIDS-defining illness develops at higher CD4 + T-cell counts in individuals infected with HIV-2 compared with HIV-1-infected, which suggests that the two types of HIV may have different effects on other compartments of the immune system. We here investigate monocyte phenotype, activation and macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles in individuals with different HIV types.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional.
METHODS: ART-naive HIV-1 ( n = 83), HIV-2 ( n = 63), and HIV-1/2 dually positive ( n = 27) participants were recruited in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau, together with HIV-negative controls ( n = 26). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and analyzed by flow cytometry for monocyte phenotype and activation, and plasma was analyzed for extracellular vesicle forms of CD163 and CD206.
RESULTS: Compared with HIV-negative controls, all groups of HIV-positive participants had a skewed monocyte phenotype with a higher proportion of intermediate monocytes, increased CD163 expression and elevated serum levels of the inflammatory biomarkers soluble (s)CD163 and sCD206. HIV-2-positive participants had lower CD163 monocyte expression than HIV-1-positive participants, regardless of HIV RNA or CD4 + cell count. Levels of sCD206 extracellular vesicles were increased in all HIV groups, and higher in HIV-1 compared with HIV-2-positive participants.
CONCLUSION: The monocyte phenotype of HIV-2-positive participants deviated less from healthy controls than did HIV-1 participants. HIV-2-positive participants also had a lower concentration of extracellular CD206 vesicles compared with HIV-1-positive participants. This does not explain the difference in AIDS development.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Journal | AIDS |
Volume | 37 |
Issue number | 12 |
Pages (from-to) | 1773-1781 |
Number of pages | 9 |
ISSN | 0269-9370 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Oct 2023 |
Bibliographical note
Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.Keywords
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
- Biomarkers
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- HIV Infections
- HIV Seropositivity/metabolism
- HIV-1
- HIV-2
- Humans
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear
- Monocytes
- Phenotype
- monocytes
- extracellular vesicles
- HIV-1/2 dual infection
- activation