Offset Compensation Network: Improving the Control of Battery Energy Storage Systems

Álvaro Lúcio Costa Amorim*, Bárbara Santos Peixoto, Allan Fagner Cupertino, Marcelo Martins Stopa, Heverton Augusto Pereira, Remus Teodorescu

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

Abstract

Recently, battery energy storage systems (BESS) have gained importance due to the growing introduction of intermittent renewable energy power plants. Although BESS already has multiple applications, the current standard approach presents several drawbacks aggravated by the second-life batteries use. In order to deal with this issue, the literature proposes the integration of dc/dc converters in the batteries, an approach known as smart battery. However, due to the different capacities of the batteries, the conventional control of smart battery packs does not guarantee a constant dc-link voltage, because during operation, some dc/dc converters can reach their physical voltage limit. Therefore, this paper proposes an algorithm called offset compensation network (OCN) that guarantees constant dc-link voltage even when there are saturated converters. Simulations in software PLECS and hardware-in-the-loop experiments validate the proposal. The results prove the improvement of the technology as the possibility to operate with fixed dc-link voltage, enabling the use of second-life batteries, OCN algorithm reduces the SOC balancing time in 6.25% and avoids dc-link voltage variations during the balancing process. Finally, this technology is fully compatible with current power conversion systems, allowing an easy retrofit of standard BESS.

Original languageEnglish
JournalInternational Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications
ISSN0098-9886
DOIs
Publication statusE-pub ahead of print - 2025

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Keywords

  • BESS
  • dc/dc converter
  • offset compensation network
  • smart battery

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