TY - JOUR
T1 - On Inherent Redundancy of MMC-Based STATCOMs in the Overmodulation Region
AU - Cupertino, Allan Fagner
AU - Pereira, Heverton Augusto
AU - Seleme, Seleme Isaac
AU - Teodorescu, Remus
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received January 7, 2019; revised May 3, 2019 and July 1, 2019; accepted August 9, 2019. Date of publication August 21, 2019; date of current version May 21, 2020. This work was supported in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001, in part by CNPq, and in part by FAPEMIG. Paper no. TPWRD-01513-2018. (Corresponding author: Allan Fagner Cupertino.) A. F. Cupertino is with the Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil, and also with the Department of Materials Engineering, Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30421-169, Brazil (e-mail: [email protected]).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 IEEE.
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/6
Y1 - 2020/6
N2 - Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) are frequently featured to their modular structure, which results in fault-tolerant operation and easy redundancy realization. Nevertheless, in order to reach a given redundancy factor, more cells must be included in the converter, which directly affects the costs. This paper discusses the inherent redundancy of a modular multilevel converter (MMC) based static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) operating in the overmodulation region. Analytical expressions for the limits of the converter linear region were developed in order to define the minimum required dc-link voltage. Moreover, sensitivity analyses were implemented in order to show the effects of grid voltage variations, different output impedances, power factor and injected currents. The results indicated that the operation in overmodulation region has significant inherent redundancy. For a MMC based STATCOM with 26 cells, the converter can ride through 4 failures per arm without significantly increasing the output THD or reducing the injected current into the grid.
AB - Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) are frequently featured to their modular structure, which results in fault-tolerant operation and easy redundancy realization. Nevertheless, in order to reach a given redundancy factor, more cells must be included in the converter, which directly affects the costs. This paper discusses the inherent redundancy of a modular multilevel converter (MMC) based static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) operating in the overmodulation region. Analytical expressions for the limits of the converter linear region were developed in order to define the minimum required dc-link voltage. Moreover, sensitivity analyses were implemented in order to show the effects of grid voltage variations, different output impedances, power factor and injected currents. The results indicated that the operation in overmodulation region has significant inherent redundancy. For a MMC based STATCOM with 26 cells, the converter can ride through 4 failures per arm without significantly increasing the output THD or reducing the injected current into the grid.
KW - fault tolerance
KW - Modular multilevel converter
KW - overmodulation
KW - redundancy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85085521297&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/TPWRD.2019.2936784
DO - 10.1109/TPWRD.2019.2936784
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85085521297
SN - 0885-8977
VL - 35
SP - 1169
EP - 1179
JO - IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery
JF - IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery
IS - 3
M1 - 8809215
ER -