Optimal operation of electric vehicle’s battery replacement stations with taking into account uncertainties

These days, due to the increasing of fossil fuel consumption as well as a result of air pollution, electric vehicles (EV) have been given more attention. The number of vehicles have grown significantly in recent years. However, in order to progress in the EV industry, it is essential that we create sufficient infrastructure to supply the EVs’ batteries. The main challenges in the development of EVs are the long charging period of batteries and their high cost. Fast charging technologies, EV’s battery replacements, and charging stations are considered as promising solutions for charging services. EV’s battery replacement stations (EVBRSs) are one of the most suitable solutions to solve this problem. These EVBRSs act as an interface between the consumers and the power grid, which reduces the waiting time for charging the batteries. This method also has some advantages for the power network as well as the consumers. Nevertheless, not only incorrect charging operations at stations increase unnecessary charging costs, but also it leads to reduce the reliability of the power grid. Accordingly, it is essential to obtain an appropriate policy for the optimal operation of EVBRSs for maximizing profits of EVBRSs and providing appropriate services to consumers. In this work, the appropriate formulation for optimal operation of the EVBRSs is presented, and the information-gap decision theory (IGDT) is used to address the uncertainties. EV’s battery replacement station and the renewable energy systems are considered as the uncertain parameters.