Optimal Operation of Wind-Combined Heat and Power based Electrical Energy Systems Considering Flexible Ramping Requirements Using Information Gap Decision Theory

Morteza Nazari-Heris, Mohammad Amin Mirzaei, Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam, Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo, Mousa Marzband

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Abstract

The utilization of renewable energy sources such as wind turbines and photovoltaic systems is increasing due to global concern about increment of pollutant gas emissions, depletion of fossil fuels and high cost of power supply. Increasing share of wind energy sources imposes several technical challenges to power system operation as it is difficult to forecast its power output due to wind intermittency. Flexible ramping is introduced as a product capable of providing additional upward and downward ramping to hedge against uncertainties of power load demand and forecasted renewable power generation. California independent system operator (CAISO) has designed a new market for flexible ramping products in order to verify enough ramp ability for meeting the variability of net load in real-time dispatch stages. Midcontinent ISO (MISO) is another market with ramp capability along with energy and contingency reserve markets to cope with sudden net load variations in real time dispatch stage. Actually, flexible ramping is introduced as a product capable of providing additional upward and downward ramping to hedge against uncertainties of power load demand and forecasted renewable power generation. However, it should be noted that the application of flexible ramping products is different from frequency regulation, spinning reserve, and non-spinning reserve services. Both up-ramping and down-ramping can be accomplished by the flexible ramping products. In addition, the main difference of flexible ramping products and frequency regulation services lies within their frequency of dispatch. While a 5-min interval is considered in the former one to meet the upcoming net load (load minus intermittent supply) uncertainty, several seconds are considered in the latter to do so. Moreover, the quantity of provided flexibility by the flexible ramping products is higher than those offered by the frequency regulation services. Combined heat and power (CHP) units are practical solutions in providing flexible ramping products with regards to different heat and power load demands of industrial, commercial and residential sectors. CHP plants are also able to recover wasted heat in conversion process of fossil fuels to power and heat. Moreover, CHP units take advantages of increasing efficiency of power and heat supply to 90%, and decreasing the gases emissions nearly 13-18%. The other advantages of the CHP units are improving the reliability of delivered energy and security of supply. It should be noted that the generated heat and power by the CHP units have mutual dependency, which is defined as feasible operating zone (FOR). This paper proposes an information gap decision theory (IGDT) based day-ahead scheduling model for wind-combined heat and power based electrical energy systems considering flexible ramping products in order to minimize the operation cost of the system considering the security constraints and uncertainty of wind power generation. The proposed problem models the uncertainty of wind power generation use of IGDT, which considers both risk-averse and risk-seeker strategies and enables the system operators to adjust conservatism of the operation strategy. The proposed model is tested on a six-bus system to confirm the effectiveness of the model in order to manage the uncertainty of wind power generation and operation cost of the combined heat and power based electrical energy systems considering flexible ramping requirements.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationProceedings of CIGRE Symposium Aalborg 2019
Number of pages13
PublisherCIGRE (International Council on Large Electric Systems)
Publication dateJun 2019
Publication statusPublished - Jun 2019
EventCIGRE Symposium Aalborg 2019 - Aalborg, Denmark
Duration: 4 Jun 20197 Jun 2019

Conference

ConferenceCIGRE Symposium Aalborg 2019
Country/TerritoryDenmark
CityAalborg
Period04/06/201907/06/2019

Keywords

  • Information gap decision theory
  • CHP
  • Wind energy
  • Flexible ramping products
  • Day-ahead security constrained scheduling

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