Protection System of Multi-Terminal MMC-based HVDC Grids: A Survey

Seyed Hassan Ashrafi Niaki; Zhou Liu; Zhe Chen; Birgitte Bak-Jensen; Shuju Hu

doi:10.1109/ICoPESA54515.2022.9754409

Protection System of Multi-Terminal MMC-based HVDC Grids: A Survey

Seyed Hassan Ashrafi Niaki, Zhou Liu, Zhe Chen, Birgitte Bak-Jensen, Shuju Hu

Research output: Contribution to book/anthology/report/conference proceeding › Article in proceeding › Research › peer-review

6 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Fast development of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) technology has been remarkable over the past decades. Multi-terminal HVDC grids based on Voltage Source Converters (VSC) are promising solution to connect multiple asynchronous power grids, as well as integrate large-scale renewable energy sources e.g. offshore wind farms. New generation of the VSCs, Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC), offers considerable benefits. However, protection has always been a great challenge for the VSC-HVDC transmission systems, in particular, for the multi-terminal DC grids. This paper presents an insightful survey considering protection strategies for MMC-HVDC grids. The study sheds light on state-of-the-art of protection scheme including fault identification and interruption methods for the MMC-HVDC systems. Moreover, a short discussion regarding HVDC grid topologies and control has been presented to investigate their impacts on protection and security of the VSC-HVDC grids. Investigation of Fault-Ride-Through (FRT) capability is vital to be included in protection coordination strategies under DC fault conditions. Possibility of having different DC FRT capabilities for different structures of the MMCs is investigated. In addition, pros and cons of protection strategies are presented and discussed comprehensively.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2022 International Conference on Power Energy Systems and Applications (ICoPESA)
Number of pages	11
Publisher	IEEE
Publication date	25 Feb 2022
Pages	167-177
ISBN (Print)	978-1-6654-1098-4
ISBN (Electronic)	978-1-6654-1097-7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/ICoPESA54515.2022.9754409
Publication status	Published - 25 Feb 2022
Event	2022 International Conference on Power Energy Systems and Applications, ICoPESA 2022 - Virtual, Online, Singapore Duration: 25 Feb 2022 → 27 Feb 2022

Conference

Conference	2022 International Conference on Power Energy Systems and Applications, ICoPESA 2022
Country/Territory	Singapore
City	Virtual, Online
Period	25/02/2022 → 27/02/2022

Keywords

MMC converter
DC circuit breakers
DC fault-ride-through (FRT)
fault interruption
fault identification
multi-terminal HVDC systems
voltage source converter (VSC)
HVDC protection

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1109/ICoPESA54515.2022.9754409

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9754409

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Cite this

@inproceedings{23222620c7d64386a8ca7de69de729de,

title = "Protection System of Multi-Terminal MMC-based HVDC Grids: A Survey",

abstract = "Fast development of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) technology has been remarkable over the past decades. Multi-terminal HVDC grids based on Voltage Source Converters (VSC) are promising solution to connect multiple asynchronous power grids, as well as integrate large-scale renewable energy sources e.g. offshore wind farms. New generation of the VSCs, Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC), offers considerable benefits. However, protection has always been a great challenge for the VSC-HVDC transmission systems, in particular, for the multi-terminal DC grids. This paper presents an insightful survey considering protection strategies for MMC-HVDC grids. The study sheds light on state-of-the-art of protection scheme including fault identification and interruption methods for the MMC-HVDC systems. Moreover, a short discussion regarding HVDC grid topologies and control has been presented to investigate their impacts on protection and security of the VSC-HVDC grids. Investigation of Fault-Ride-Through (FRT) capability is vital to be included in protection coordination strategies under DC fault conditions. Possibility of having different DC FRT capabilities for different structures of the MMCs is investigated. In addition, pros and cons of protection strategies are presented and discussed comprehensively.",

keywords = "MMC converter, DC circuit breakers, DC fault-ride-through (FRT), fault interruption, fault identification, multi-terminal HVDC systems, voltage source converter (VSC), HVDC protection",

author = "Niaki, {Seyed Hassan Ashrafi} and Zhou Liu and Zhe Chen and Birgitte Bak-Jensen and Shuju Hu",

year = "2022",

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day = "25",

doi = "10.1109/ICoPESA54515.2022.9754409",

language = "English",

isbn = "978-1-6654-1098-4",

pages = "167--177",

booktitle = "2022 International Conference on Power Energy Systems and Applications (ICoPESA)",

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note = "2022 International Conference on Power Energy Systems and Applications, ICoPESA 2022 ; Conference date: 25-02-2022 Through 27-02-2022",

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Niaki, SHA, Liu, Z, Chen, Z , Bak-Jensen, B & Hu, S 2022, Protection System of Multi-Terminal MMC-based HVDC Grids: A Survey. in 2022 International Conference on Power Energy Systems and Applications (ICoPESA). IEEE, pp. 167-177, 2022 International Conference on Power Energy Systems and Applications, ICoPESA 2022, Virtual, Online, Singapore, 25/02/2022. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICoPESA54515.2022.9754409

TY - GEN

T1 - Protection System of Multi-Terminal MMC-based HVDC Grids

T2 - 2022 International Conference on Power Energy Systems and Applications, ICoPESA 2022

AU - Niaki, Seyed Hassan Ashrafi

AU - Liu, Zhou

AU - Chen, Zhe

AU - Bak-Jensen, Birgitte

AU - Hu, Shuju

PY - 2022/2/25

Y1 - 2022/2/25

N2 - Fast development of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) technology has been remarkable over the past decades. Multi-terminal HVDC grids based on Voltage Source Converters (VSC) are promising solution to connect multiple asynchronous power grids, as well as integrate large-scale renewable energy sources e.g. offshore wind farms. New generation of the VSCs, Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC), offers considerable benefits. However, protection has always been a great challenge for the VSC-HVDC transmission systems, in particular, for the multi-terminal DC grids. This paper presents an insightful survey considering protection strategies for MMC-HVDC grids. The study sheds light on state-of-the-art of protection scheme including fault identification and interruption methods for the MMC-HVDC systems. Moreover, a short discussion regarding HVDC grid topologies and control has been presented to investigate their impacts on protection and security of the VSC-HVDC grids. Investigation of Fault-Ride-Through (FRT) capability is vital to be included in protection coordination strategies under DC fault conditions. Possibility of having different DC FRT capabilities for different structures of the MMCs is investigated. In addition, pros and cons of protection strategies are presented and discussed comprehensively.

AB - Fast development of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) technology has been remarkable over the past decades. Multi-terminal HVDC grids based on Voltage Source Converters (VSC) are promising solution to connect multiple asynchronous power grids, as well as integrate large-scale renewable energy sources e.g. offshore wind farms. New generation of the VSCs, Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC), offers considerable benefits. However, protection has always been a great challenge for the VSC-HVDC transmission systems, in particular, for the multi-terminal DC grids. This paper presents an insightful survey considering protection strategies for MMC-HVDC grids. The study sheds light on state-of-the-art of protection scheme including fault identification and interruption methods for the MMC-HVDC systems. Moreover, a short discussion regarding HVDC grid topologies and control has been presented to investigate their impacts on protection and security of the VSC-HVDC grids. Investigation of Fault-Ride-Through (FRT) capability is vital to be included in protection coordination strategies under DC fault conditions. Possibility of having different DC FRT capabilities for different structures of the MMCs is investigated. In addition, pros and cons of protection strategies are presented and discussed comprehensively.

KW - MMC converter

KW - DC circuit breakers

KW - DC fault-ride-through (FRT)

KW - fault interruption

KW - fault identification

KW - multi-terminal HVDC systems

KW - voltage source converter (VSC)

KW - HVDC protection

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85129294333&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1109/ICoPESA54515.2022.9754409

DO - 10.1109/ICoPESA54515.2022.9754409

M3 - Article in proceeding

SN - 978-1-6654-1098-4

SP - 167

EP - 177

BT - 2022 International Conference on Power Energy Systems and Applications (ICoPESA)

PB - IEEE

Y2 - 25 February 2022 through 27 February 2022

ER -

Protection System of Multi-Terminal MMC-based HVDC Grids: A Survey

Abstract

Conference

Keywords

UN SDGs

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