Resilience Modeling and Management of Wind Turbine Parks

Over the recent decade increased research efforts have been directed on the modelling of resilience of industrial and/or technical systems in their context, i.e. socio-technical systems. The present paper presents a generic resilience model framework for the support of design and integrity management of such systems. The modelling framework is formulated, presented and illustrated with specific consideration of wind turbine parks which encompass many of the characteristics of large-scale complex industrial and infrastructure systems. The basis is a system of systems model which in the present application is comprised of wind turbine parks, each including a finite number of wind turbines which in turn all are systems of different types of subsystems, such as mechanical subsystems, electrical subsystems and structural subsystems. Two levels of dependencies are included in the system resilience modelling, namely between turbines and between turbine subsystems. Furthermore, the evolution of the performance, together with the expected value of benefits and losses, as well as the capacity of wind turbine parks over time is described. On this basis the resilience modeling is formulated considering the performances of and the interactions between wind turbine parks, the organization responsible for integrity management and regulations.
Finally an example is presented considering the modeling and analysis of the resilience of one wind turbine park for the purpose of optimizing resilience management. Parameter studies are presented illustrating the how the resilience performance may be optimized by means of adjusting the reliability of subsystems as well as through allocation of income for coverage of costs of future inspections, maintenance and renewal works.