Similarities and differences in systemic risk factors for retinal artery occlusion and retinal vein occlusion: A nationwide case-control study

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: To investigate the relationship between risk factors for retinal artery occlusion (RAO) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and thereby identify similarities and differences between the two types of retinal vascular occlusions.

METHODS: In this case-control study, 5708 patients with RAO were included and matched with three patients with RVO each. The patients with RVO were matched on sex and age at index date. All patients, personal information, diagnoses, and prescriptions were obtained from the Danish nationwide registries. Adjusted conditional logistic regression was used to investigate the association of RAO and RVO with the included risk factors.

RESULTS: RAO was stronger associated with arterial hypertension, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, peripheral artery disease, and stroke than RVO, with effect measures ranging from 1.10 to 2.21. RVO was associated with cataract and glaucoma with effect measures of 0.80 (95% CI 0.73-0.87) and 0.65 (95% CI 0.56-0.76), respectively.

CONCLUSION: Differences in the level of associations with the included risk factors suggests differences in the pathophysiologies of the two diseases. The main pathophysiology associated with RAO was atherosclerosis, whereas the main pathophysiology associated with RVO was changes in the pressure gradients of the eyes.

Original languageEnglish
JournalInternational ophthalmology
Volume43
Issue number3
Pages (from-to)817-824
Number of pages8
ISSN0165-5701
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Mar 2023

Bibliographical note

© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.

Keywords

  • Epidemiology
  • Pathophysiology
  • Register-based
  • Retinal artery occlusion
  • Retinal vein occlusion
  • Risk factors

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