TY - JOUR
T1 - Cigarette smoking, environmental tobacco smoke exposure and pancreatic cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
AU - Vrieling, Alina
AU - Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
AU - Boshuizen, Hendriek C
AU - Michaud, Dominique S
AU - Severinsen, Marianne T
AU - Overvad, Kim
AU - Olsen, Anja
AU - Tjønneland, Anne
AU - Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
AU - Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
AU - Kaaks, Rudolf
AU - Rohrmann, Sabine
AU - Boeing, Heiner
AU - Nöthlings, Ute
AU - Trichopoulou, Antonia
AU - Moutsiou, Eftihia
AU - Dilis, Vardis
AU - Palli, Domenico
AU - Krogh, Vittorio
AU - Panico, Salvatore
AU - Tumino, Rosario
AU - Vineis, Paolo
AU - van Gils, Carla H
AU - Peeters, Petra H M
AU - Lund, Eiliv
AU - Gram, Inger T
AU - Rodríguez, Laudina
AU - Agudo, Antonio
AU - Larrañaga, Nerea
AU - Sánchez, María-José
AU - Navarro, Carmen
AU - Barricarte, Aurelio
AU - Manjer, Jonas
AU - Lindkvist, Björn
AU - Sund, Malin
AU - Ye, Weimin
AU - Bingham, Sheila
AU - Khaw, Kay-Tee
AU - Roddam, Andrew
AU - Key, Tim
AU - Boffetta, Paolo
AU - Duell, Eric J
AU - Jenab, Mazda
AU - Gallo, Valentina
AU - Riboli, Elio
PY - 2010
Y1 - 2010
N2 - Cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for pancreatic cancer. However, prospective data for most European countries are lacking, and epidemiologic studies on exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in relation to pancreatic cancer risk are scarce. We examined the association of cigarette smoking and exposure to ETS with pancreatic cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). This analysis was based on 465,910 participants, including 524 first incident pancreatic cancer cases diagnosed after a median follow-up of 8.9 years. Estimates of risk were obtained by Cox proportional hazard models and adjusted for weight, height, and history of diabetes mellitus. An increased risk of pancreatic cancer was found for current cigarette smokers compared with never smokers (HR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.36-2.15), and risk increased with greater intensity and pack-years. Former cigarette smokers who quit for less than 5 years were at increased risk of pancreatic cancer (HR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.23-2.56), but risk was comparable to never smokers after quitting for 5 years or more. Pancreatic cancer risk was increased among never smokers daily exposed to ETS (for many hours) during childhood (HR = 2.61, 95% CI = 0.96-7.10) and exposed to ETS at home and/or work (HR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.00-2.39). These results suggest that both active cigarette smoking, as well as exposure to ETS, is associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer and that risk is reduced to levels of never smokers within 5 years of quitting.
AB - Cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for pancreatic cancer. However, prospective data for most European countries are lacking, and epidemiologic studies on exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in relation to pancreatic cancer risk are scarce. We examined the association of cigarette smoking and exposure to ETS with pancreatic cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). This analysis was based on 465,910 participants, including 524 first incident pancreatic cancer cases diagnosed after a median follow-up of 8.9 years. Estimates of risk were obtained by Cox proportional hazard models and adjusted for weight, height, and history of diabetes mellitus. An increased risk of pancreatic cancer was found for current cigarette smokers compared with never smokers (HR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.36-2.15), and risk increased with greater intensity and pack-years. Former cigarette smokers who quit for less than 5 years were at increased risk of pancreatic cancer (HR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.23-2.56), but risk was comparable to never smokers after quitting for 5 years or more. Pancreatic cancer risk was increased among never smokers daily exposed to ETS (for many hours) during childhood (HR = 2.61, 95% CI = 0.96-7.10) and exposed to ETS at home and/or work (HR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.00-2.39). These results suggest that both active cigarette smoking, as well as exposure to ETS, is associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer and that risk is reduced to levels of never smokers within 5 years of quitting.
U2 - 10.1002/ijc.24907
DO - 10.1002/ijc.24907
M3 - Journal article
SN - 0020-7136
VL - 126
SP - 2394
EP - 2403
JO - International Journal of Cancer
JF - International Journal of Cancer
ER -