Why do people (not) energy renovate their homes? Insights from qualitative interviews with Danish homeowners

Global climate changes and the need for transition to a low-carbon future have emerged as one of the most critical challenges of contemporary society, and decisions made by homeowners about major energy relevant renovations are essential as part of reaching climate goals. However, the installation of energy efficiency measures is still not widespread and needs to be stimulated to meet the goals set out in the Paris Agreement. This article provides insights into renovation processes by Danish homeowners currently being in the process of renovating their homes. Data were collected through 19 explorative qualitative interviews in the informants’ homes. By using practice theory as an analytical framework, we seek to broaden the traditional policy approach of rational actors by contributing with a broader and more context-rich understanding of homeowners’ renovation processes and how, or not, energy renovation is part of such processes. The results show that home renovation is a dynamic process that is not always carefully planned or intended, but rather evolves as technologies, know-how, and meanings develop and change. Specific challenges for energy renovation are identified concerning its perceived benefits, complexities, policy conditions, and associated meanings. The challenges of energy renovation are researched in context of other types of home renovations that are often implemented at the same time, but which differ fundamentally. Based on systematic evidence of the challenges and implementation context of energy renovation, recommendations for initiatives relevant to stimulate in policy and marketing are provided.