A Comprising Study on Modernization of Electric Vehicle Subsystems, Challenges, Opportunities and strategies for its Further Development

At present scenario, globally commonly used transportation system are based on IC Engine based vehicles which affects environment due to emission of greenhouse gases. due to the systematic approach for electric transportation system towards green transportation and reducing the crucial issues of global climate changes are the initiative for saving the environment. In recent years the transport industry has become very popular with Electrical Vehicles (EVs). Due to its recent development which will likely to replace the ordinary IC Engine based vehicle in near future to save the nature against the pollution. In this paper, present EV subsystems and its configurations, components of EV are discussed. This paper focus on reviewing the present scenario of EV, latest development of EV and challenges, opportunities for effective deployment of EVs are highlighted. Also there is scope for effective implementation of smart grid technology in EV, grid to vehicle and vehicle to grid, vehicle to home as well as home to vehicle technology along with renewable power incorporation connectivity to EVs and Grid framework and future study developments are also underlined. The paper is intended to include the latest technology and new solutions for future production of electrical vehicles in order to lead to future research into this area.