A multi-timescale smart grid energy management system based on adaptive dynamic programming and Multi-NN Fusion prediction method

The complexity of power grids, the intermittent renewable energy generation and the uncertainty of load consumption bring great challenges to modern energy management systems (EMSs). To solve the energy optimization problem in the time-varying smart grid, this paper proposes a multi-timescale EMS based on the adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) algorithm and multi-neural-network fusion (MNNF) prediction technology. In detail, according to different power consumption characteristics, this paper uses fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering algorithm to classify power users into industrial users, commercial users and residential users. Based on the classification results, an MNNF prediction method is proposed that can integrate different influencing factors to predict load consumption and renewable energy generation. Then a multi-timescale ADP optimization algorithm is proposed to maximize the utilization of renewable energy on daily, intra-day and real-time (i.e., three timescales) of energy behavior. The convergence of the multi-timescale ADP algorithm is proved mathematically when the initial value is a random semi-positive definite function. Finally, the proposed ADP with MNNF energy management system is verified on a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) platform.