Levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among fully vaccinated individuals with Delta or Omicron variant breakthrough infections

Nina Breinholt Stærke; Joanne Reekie; Henrik Nielsen; Thomas Benfield; Lothar Wiese; Lene Surland Knudsen; Mette Brouw Iversen; Kasper Iversen; Kamille Fogh; Jacob Bodilsen; Maria Ruwald Juhl; Susan Olaf Lindvig; Anne Øvrehus; Lone Wulff Madsen; Vibeke Klastrup; Sidsel Dahl Andersen; Anna Karina Juhl; Signe Rode Andreasen; Sisse Rye Ostrowski; Christian Erikstrup; Thea K Fischer; Martin Tolstrup; Lars Østergaard; Isik Somuncu Johansen; Jens Lundgren; Ole Schmeltz Søgaard

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-32254-8

Levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among fully vaccinated individuals with Delta or Omicron variant breakthrough infections

Nina Breinholt Stærke, Joanne Reekie, Henrik Nielsen, Thomas Benfield, Lothar Wiese, Lene Surland Knudsen, Mette Brouw Iversen, Kasper Iversen, Kamille Fogh, Jacob Bodilsen, Maria Ruwald Juhl, Susan Olaf Lindvig, Anne Øvrehus, Lone Wulff Madsen, Vibeke Klastrup, Sidsel Dahl Andersen, Anna Karina Juhl, Signe Rode Andreasen, Sisse Rye Ostrowski, Christian ErikstrupThea K Fischer, Martin Tolstrup, Lars Østergaard, Isik Somuncu Johansen, Jens Lundgren, Ole Schmeltz Søgaard

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Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern have continuously evolved and may erode vaccine induced immunity. In this observational cohort study, we determine the risk of breakthrough infection in a fully vaccinated cohort. SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG levels were measured before first SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and at day 21-28, 90 and 180, as well as after booster vaccination. Breakthrough infections were captured through the Danish National Microbiology database. incidence rate ratio (IRR) for breakthrough infection at time-updated anti-spike IgG levels was determined using Poisson regression. Among 6076 participants, 127 and 364 breakthrough infections due to Delta and Omicron variants were observed. IRR was 0.29 (95% CI 0.15-0.56) for breakthrough infection with the Delta variant, comparing the highest and lowest quintiles of anti-spike IgG. For Omicron, no significant differences in IRR were observed. These results suggest that quantitative level of anti-spike IgG have limited impact on the risk of breakthrough infection with Omicron.

Original language	English
Article number	4466
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	13
Issue number	1
ISSN	2041-1723
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32254-8
Publication status	Published - Dec 2022

Bibliographical note

Keywords

Antibodies, Viral
COVID-19
COVID-19 Vaccines
Humans
Immunoglobulin G
SARS-CoV-2

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10.1038/s41467-022-32254-8Licence: CC BY 4.0

Stærke et al. (2022) Levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among fully vaccinated individuals with Delta or Omicron variant breakthrough infectionsFinal published version, 875 KBLicence: CC BY 4.0

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Stærke, N. B., Reekie, J., Nielsen, H., Benfield, T., Wiese, L., Knudsen, L. S., Iversen, M. B., Iversen, K., Fogh, K., Bodilsen, J., Juhl, M. R., Lindvig, S. O., Øvrehus, A., Madsen, L. W., Klastrup, V., Andersen, S. D., Juhl, A. K., Andreasen, S. R., Ostrowski, S. R., ... Søgaard, O. S. (2022). Levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among fully vaccinated individuals with Delta or Omicron variant breakthrough infections. Nature Communications, 13(1), Article 4466. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32254-8

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title = "Levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among fully vaccinated individuals with Delta or Omicron variant breakthrough infections",

abstract = "SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern have continuously evolved and may erode vaccine induced immunity. In this observational cohort study, we determine the risk of breakthrough infection in a fully vaccinated cohort. SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG levels were measured before first SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and at day 21-28, 90 and 180, as well as after booster vaccination. Breakthrough infections were captured through the Danish National Microbiology database. incidence rate ratio (IRR) for breakthrough infection at time-updated anti-spike IgG levels was determined using Poisson regression. Among 6076 participants, 127 and 364 breakthrough infections due to Delta and Omicron variants were observed. IRR was 0.29 (95% CI 0.15-0.56) for breakthrough infection with the Delta variant, comparing the highest and lowest quintiles of anti-spike IgG. For Omicron, no significant differences in IRR were observed. These results suggest that quantitative level of anti-spike IgG have limited impact on the risk of breakthrough infection with Omicron.",

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Stærke, NB, Reekie, J, Nielsen, H, Benfield, T, Wiese, L, Knudsen, LS, Iversen, MB, Iversen, K, Fogh, K, Bodilsen, J , Juhl, MR, Lindvig, SO, Øvrehus, A, Madsen, LW, Klastrup, V, Andersen, SD, Juhl, AK, Andreasen, SR, Ostrowski, SR, Erikstrup, C, Fischer, TK, Tolstrup, M, Østergaard, L, Johansen, IS, Lundgren, J & Søgaard, OS 2022, 'Levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among fully vaccinated individuals with Delta or Omicron variant breakthrough infections', Nature Communications, vol. 13, no. 1, 4466. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32254-8

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AU - Stærke, Nina Breinholt

AU - Reekie, Joanne

AU - Nielsen, Henrik

AU - Benfield, Thomas

AU - Wiese, Lothar

AU - Knudsen, Lene Surland

AU - Iversen, Mette Brouw

AU - Iversen, Kasper

AU - Fogh, Kamille

AU - Bodilsen, Jacob

AU - Juhl, Maria Ruwald

AU - Lindvig, Susan Olaf

AU - Øvrehus, Anne

AU - Madsen, Lone Wulff

AU - Klastrup, Vibeke

AU - Andersen, Sidsel Dahl

AU - Juhl, Anna Karina

AU - Andreasen, Signe Rode

AU - Ostrowski, Sisse Rye

AU - Erikstrup, Christian

AU - Fischer, Thea K

AU - Tolstrup, Martin

AU - Østergaard, Lars

AU - Johansen, Isik Somuncu

AU - Lundgren, Jens

AU - Søgaard, Ole Schmeltz

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N2 - SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern have continuously evolved and may erode vaccine induced immunity. In this observational cohort study, we determine the risk of breakthrough infection in a fully vaccinated cohort. SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG levels were measured before first SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and at day 21-28, 90 and 180, as well as after booster vaccination. Breakthrough infections were captured through the Danish National Microbiology database. incidence rate ratio (IRR) for breakthrough infection at time-updated anti-spike IgG levels was determined using Poisson regression. Among 6076 participants, 127 and 364 breakthrough infections due to Delta and Omicron variants were observed. IRR was 0.29 (95% CI 0.15-0.56) for breakthrough infection with the Delta variant, comparing the highest and lowest quintiles of anti-spike IgG. For Omicron, no significant differences in IRR were observed. These results suggest that quantitative level of anti-spike IgG have limited impact on the risk of breakthrough infection with Omicron.

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KW - COVID-19

KW - COVID-19 Vaccines

KW - Humans

KW - Immunoglobulin G

KW - SARS-CoV-2

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DO - 10.1038/s41467-022-32254-8

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VL - 13

JO - Nature Communications

JF - Nature Communications

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ER -

Levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among fully vaccinated individuals with Delta or Omicron variant breakthrough infections

Abstract

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Keywords

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