TY - JOUR
T1 - Improved Zone 1 Top-line Tilting Scheme for Polygonal Distance Protection in the Outgoing Line of Type-4 Wind Parks
AU - Ma, Kaiqi
AU - Høidalen, Hans Kristian
AU - Chen, Zhe
AU - Bak, Claus Leth
PY - 2023/1/1
Y1 - 2023/1/1
N2 - The impedance element in distance protection equipment in the outgoing line of a wind park (WP) may be heavily affected by the fault response of the WP. During resistive grid faults, relay over-reach (or under-reach) may manifest, depending on the fault current regulating requirements in the specific grid code deployed in WP and the fault conditions. Aiming at potential solution, i.e. the existing zone 1 (fast tripping zone, non-delayed) top-line tilting (Z-1-TLT) function in modern numerical relays, this paper first assesses its adaptability under the WP integrated background. Combining the principle of Z-1-TLT itself and fault modeling to the WP, an improved Z-1-TLT scheme is developed, which can actively compensate for the possible relay overreach or under-reach during resistive faults, utilizing relay side fault quantities only. Aiming at the needless action of the new Z-1-TLT scheme against certain faults, malfunction risk area detection and dead zone detection are introduced as auxiliary criteria to optimize protective efficiency. Simulation results prove the improved Z-1-TLT scheme can effectively improve reliability of distance protection deployed in the WP outgoing line.
AB - The impedance element in distance protection equipment in the outgoing line of a wind park (WP) may be heavily affected by the fault response of the WP. During resistive grid faults, relay over-reach (or under-reach) may manifest, depending on the fault current regulating requirements in the specific grid code deployed in WP and the fault conditions. Aiming at potential solution, i.e. the existing zone 1 (fast tripping zone, non-delayed) top-line tilting (Z-1-TLT) function in modern numerical relays, this paper first assesses its adaptability under the WP integrated background. Combining the principle of Z-1-TLT itself and fault modeling to the WP, an improved Z-1-TLT scheme is developed, which can actively compensate for the possible relay overreach or under-reach during resistive faults, utilizing relay side fault quantities only. Aiming at the needless action of the new Z-1-TLT scheme against certain faults, malfunction risk area detection and dead zone detection are introduced as auxiliary criteria to optimize protective efficiency. Simulation results prove the improved Z-1-TLT scheme can effectively improve reliability of distance protection deployed in the WP outgoing line.
KW - Distance protection
KW - fault current regulating requirement
KW - grid code
KW - relay over-reach (under-reach)
KW - wind park
KW - zone 1 top-line tilting
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85148879015&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2021.07870
DO - 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2021.07870
M3 - Journal article
SN - 2096-0042
VL - 9
SP - 172
EP - 184
JO - CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems
JF - CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems
IS - 1
ER -