The coordinated operation of electricity, gas and district heating systems

This paper focuses on the coordinated operation of the electricity, gas and district heating systems in urban areas where multi-energy systems belong to a single entity. The energy conversions among these three systems are scheduled simultaneously so that the demands of the three systems could be met at the least operation cost and maximum social welfare. A nonlinear optimization problem is formulated considering the detailed network constraints in the integrated system. A case study is carried out to show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed approach.