Validity and intrarater reliability of a novel device for assessing Plantar flexor strength

Seth O'Neill; Alice Weeks; Jens Eg Nørgaard; Martin Gronbech Jorgensen

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0282395

Validity and intrarater reliability of a novel device for assessing Plantar flexor strength

Seth O'Neill^*, Alice Weeks, Jens Eg Nørgaard, Martin Gronbech Jorgensen

^*Kontaktforfatter

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review

2 Citationer (Scopus)

16 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Introduction: Plantar flexor weakness is an identified prospective factor for developing Achilles tendinopathy. Various authors have reported relationships between symptoms and weakness of this muscle group. Despite this relationship, many clinicians and researchers fail to examine Plantar flexor strength due to the cumbersome, stationary and expensive nature of an isokinetic dynamometer (IKD), known as the "Gold Standard". This study examined the validity and reliability of a fast, easy and portable device for assessing plantarflexion.

Methods: Validity between the Cybex NORM® by Humac and the C-Station by Fysiometer was explored using Pearson correlation coefficient. Participants were randomly selected to start in the Cybex NORM® or the FysioMeter C-Station. Intra-rater reliability on the C-station was investigated by test-retest two days apart using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). All testing involved isometric maximal force of the soleus muscle with the knee at 90 degrees flexion.

Results: 40 healthy university students were recruited for the validity part, while 65 healthy university students were recruited for the reliability part of the study. The mean peak torque on the IKD was 198.55Nm (SD 94.45) versus 1443.88 (412.82)N on the C-Station. The results of the Pearson correlation revealed an r-value of r = 0.72 with a 95%CI 0.52-0.84. The test re-test reliability was calculated as an ICC of 0.91 with a (95%CI 0.86-0.94).

Conclusions: The C-Station by Fysiometer appears to provide valid measures and have excellent reliability for Plantar flexor isometric strength. It would appear suitable for both clinical and research work.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Artikelnummer	e0282395
Tidsskrift	PLOS ONE
Vol/bind	18
Udgave nummer	3
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282395
Status	Udgivet - 31 mar. 2023

Bibliografisk note

Copyright: © 2023 O’Neill et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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10.1371/journal.pone.0282395Licens: CC BY 4.0

O'Neill et al. (2023). Validity and intrarater reliability of a novel device for assessing Plantar flexor strengthForlagets udgivne version, 695 KBLicens: CC BY 4.0

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title = "Validity and intrarater reliability of a novel device for assessing Plantar flexor strength",

abstract = "Introduction: Plantar flexor weakness is an identified prospective factor for developing Achilles tendinopathy. Various authors have reported relationships between symptoms and weakness of this muscle group. Despite this relationship, many clinicians and researchers fail to examine Plantar flexor strength due to the cumbersome, stationary and expensive nature of an isokinetic dynamometer (IKD), known as the {"}Gold Standard{"}. This study examined the validity and reliability of a fast, easy and portable device for assessing plantarflexion.Methods: Validity between the Cybex NORM{\textregistered} by Humac and the C-Station by Fysiometer was explored using Pearson correlation coefficient. Participants were randomly selected to start in the Cybex NORM{\textregistered} or the FysioMeter C-Station. Intra-rater reliability on the C-station was investigated by test-retest two days apart using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). All testing involved isometric maximal force of the soleus muscle with the knee at 90 degrees flexion.Results: 40 healthy university students were recruited for the validity part, while 65 healthy university students were recruited for the reliability part of the study. The mean peak torque on the IKD was 198.55Nm (SD 94.45) versus 1443.88 (412.82)N on the C-Station. The results of the Pearson correlation revealed an r-value of r = 0.72 with a 95%CI 0.52-0.84. The test re-test reliability was calculated as an ICC of 0.91 with a (95%CI 0.86-0.94).Conclusions: The C-Station by Fysiometer appears to provide valid measures and have excellent reliability for Plantar flexor isometric strength. It would appear suitable for both clinical and research work.",

keywords = "Achilles Tendon, Humans, Isometric Contraction/physiology, Muscle Strength Dynamometer, Muscle Strength/physiology, Muscle, Skeletal/physiology, Prospective Studies, Reproducibility of Results, Tendinopathy",

author = "Seth O'Neill and Alice Weeks and N{\o}rgaard, {Jens Eg} and Jorgensen, {Martin Gronbech}",

note = "Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 O{\textquoteright}Neill et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.",

year = "2023",

month = mar,

day = "31",

doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0282395",

language = "English",

volume = "18",

journal = "PLOS ONE",

issn = "1932-6203",

publisher = "Public Library of Science",

number = "3",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Validity and intrarater reliability of a novel device for assessing Plantar flexor strength

AU - O'Neill, Seth

AU - Weeks, Alice

AU - Nørgaard, Jens Eg

AU - Jorgensen, Martin Gronbech

N1 - Copyright: © 2023 O’Neill et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

PY - 2023/3/31

Y1 - 2023/3/31

N2 - Introduction: Plantar flexor weakness is an identified prospective factor for developing Achilles tendinopathy. Various authors have reported relationships between symptoms and weakness of this muscle group. Despite this relationship, many clinicians and researchers fail to examine Plantar flexor strength due to the cumbersome, stationary and expensive nature of an isokinetic dynamometer (IKD), known as the "Gold Standard". This study examined the validity and reliability of a fast, easy and portable device for assessing plantarflexion.Methods: Validity between the Cybex NORM® by Humac and the C-Station by Fysiometer was explored using Pearson correlation coefficient. Participants were randomly selected to start in the Cybex NORM® or the FysioMeter C-Station. Intra-rater reliability on the C-station was investigated by test-retest two days apart using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). All testing involved isometric maximal force of the soleus muscle with the knee at 90 degrees flexion.Results: 40 healthy university students were recruited for the validity part, while 65 healthy university students were recruited for the reliability part of the study. The mean peak torque on the IKD was 198.55Nm (SD 94.45) versus 1443.88 (412.82)N on the C-Station. The results of the Pearson correlation revealed an r-value of r = 0.72 with a 95%CI 0.52-0.84. The test re-test reliability was calculated as an ICC of 0.91 with a (95%CI 0.86-0.94).Conclusions: The C-Station by Fysiometer appears to provide valid measures and have excellent reliability for Plantar flexor isometric strength. It would appear suitable for both clinical and research work.

AB - Introduction: Plantar flexor weakness is an identified prospective factor for developing Achilles tendinopathy. Various authors have reported relationships between symptoms and weakness of this muscle group. Despite this relationship, many clinicians and researchers fail to examine Plantar flexor strength due to the cumbersome, stationary and expensive nature of an isokinetic dynamometer (IKD), known as the "Gold Standard". This study examined the validity and reliability of a fast, easy and portable device for assessing plantarflexion.Methods: Validity between the Cybex NORM® by Humac and the C-Station by Fysiometer was explored using Pearson correlation coefficient. Participants were randomly selected to start in the Cybex NORM® or the FysioMeter C-Station. Intra-rater reliability on the C-station was investigated by test-retest two days apart using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). All testing involved isometric maximal force of the soleus muscle with the knee at 90 degrees flexion.Results: 40 healthy university students were recruited for the validity part, while 65 healthy university students were recruited for the reliability part of the study. The mean peak torque on the IKD was 198.55Nm (SD 94.45) versus 1443.88 (412.82)N on the C-Station. The results of the Pearson correlation revealed an r-value of r = 0.72 with a 95%CI 0.52-0.84. The test re-test reliability was calculated as an ICC of 0.91 with a (95%CI 0.86-0.94).Conclusions: The C-Station by Fysiometer appears to provide valid measures and have excellent reliability for Plantar flexor isometric strength. It would appear suitable for both clinical and research work.

KW - Achilles Tendon

KW - Humans

KW - Isometric Contraction/physiology

KW - Muscle Strength Dynamometer

KW - Muscle Strength/physiology

KW - Muscle, Skeletal/physiology

KW - Prospective Studies

KW - Reproducibility of Results

KW - Tendinopathy

U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0282395

DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0282395

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 37000780

AN - SCOPUS:85151382038

SN - 1932-6203

VL - 18

JO - PLOS ONE

JF - PLOS ONE

IS - 3

M1 - e0282395

ER -

Validity and intrarater reliability of a novel device for assessing Plantar flexor strength

Abstract

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