Abstract
Background: The role of schools in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is much debated. We aimed to quantify reliably the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections at schools detected with reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-qPCR). Methods: This nationwide prospective cohort study monitors a representative sample of pupils (grade 1–8) and teachers at Austrian schools throughout the school year 2020/2021. We repeatedly test participants for SARS-CoV-2 infection using a gargling solution and RT-qPCR. We herein report on the first two rounds of examinations. We used mixed-effects logistic regression to estimate odds ratios and robust 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Findings: We analysed data on 10,734 participants from 245 schools (9465 pupils, 1269 teachers). Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection increased from 0·39% at round 1 (95% CI 028–0·55%, 28 September-22 October 2020) to 1·39% at round 2 (95% CI 1·04–1·85%, 10–16 November). Odds ratios for SARS-CoV-2 infection were 2·26 (95% CI 1·25–4·12, P = 0·007) in regions with >500 vs. ≤500 inhabitants/km2, 1·67 (95% CI 1·42–1·97, P<0·001) per two-fold higher regional 7-day community incidence, and 2·78 (95% CI 1·73–4·48, P<0·001) in pupils at schools with high/very high vs. low/moderate social deprivation. Associations of regional community incidence and social deprivation persisted in a multivariable adjusted model. Prevalence did not differ by average number of pupils per class nor between age groups, sexes, pupils vs. teachers, or primary (grade 1–4) vs. secondary schools (grade 5–8). Interpretation: This monitoring study in Austrian schools revealed SARS-CoV-2 infection in 0·39%-1·39% of participants and identified associations of regional community incidence and social deprivation with higher prevalence. Funding: BMBWF Austria.
| Originalsprog | Engelsk |
|---|---|
| Artikelnummer | 100086 |
| Tidsskrift | The Lancet Regional Health - Europe |
| Vol/bind | 5 |
| ISSN | 2666-7762 |
| DOI | |
| Status | Udgivet - jun. 2021 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:This study was funded by the Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research of the Republic of Austria. We are indebted to the study participants as well as the many individuals involved in study management, participant examination, logistics, and sample analysis that made this study possible. We thank Johanna Trupke and Daniele Soroldoni from the Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities for molecular biology analytical support. We are grateful to Armin Haba, Lukas Zaminer, and Nicole Perner at the ?Federal Institute of Quality Control of the Austrian School System? (IQS) for their work on the sample selection for this study. Tabular data from the School-SARS-CoV-2 study are provided on a dedicated dashboard accessible at http://dashboard-gurgelstudie.bmbwf.gv.at. Participant-level data collected for the study are not made available to others, due to regulatory restrictions.
Funding Information:
This study was funded by the Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research of the Republic of Austria. We are indebted to the study participants as well as the many individuals involved in study management, participant examination, logistics, and sample analysis that made this study possible. We thank Johanna Trupke and Daniele Soroldoni from the Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities for molecular biology analytical support. We are grateful to Armin Haba, Lukas Zaminer, and Nicole Perner at the ‘Federal Institute of Quality Control of the Austrian School System’ (IQS) for their work on the sample selection for this study.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors