Vitamin D and migraine

A link has been suggested between vitamin D and migraine headache; however, sufficient high-quality evidence is lacking and underlying mechanisms are yet to be determined. In addition, several interventional studies using vitamin D supplementation have yielded promising results, in particular for those patients with low serum levels of vitamin D and in pediatric migraines. This chapter presents the available evidence on the relationship between vitamin D and migraine, highlighting examples of interventional studies with vitamin D supplementation, and potential mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of the supplementation. In addition, current limitations and suggestions for future basic and clinical investigations to optimize the design of studies for migraine-vitamin D association are outlined, considering influencing factors, potential challenges, and recommendations.